1972-061A
The Meteoroid Technology Satellite, Explorer 46 after launch, was a NASA-Langley project designed to investigate technologies to protect satellites against meteor hits.
It was launched on 1972 Aug 13 at 1510 by Scout D-1 from Wallops. The heat shield was ejected at the unusually high altitude of 131 km to protect the delicate sensors. The fourth stage FW4S rocket ignited at 1519 and entered a 97.7 min, 492 x 811 km x 37.7 deg orbit. The MTS satellite remained attached to the FW4S. Two of the four primary panels were deployed, but two more did not extend and the spacecraft ended up tumbling at 3 rev per minute.
The velocity and flux experiments were concluded on 1972 Aug 22 because of problems with the telemetry system; insufficent data was obtained from the velocity experiment for meaningful analysis. After one year in orbit, the bumper experiment determined that the bumper is six times more effective than a single wall structure, even better than anticipated. The impact experiment showed that earlier microphone sensor experiments had overestimated the event rate. MTS transmitted until 1975 Jun 5 and reentered on 1979 Nov 2.
The satellite is a cylinder with four bumper arrays, 3.20m long 7.01m span. Mass is 206 kg, of which 168 kg is payload and 38 kg is FW4S and Scout D-section adapter.
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| MTS |
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| Date | Time | Event | Orbit |
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| 1972 Aug 13 | 1510 | Launch by Scout D-1 | WI |
| | | T+1:22 St 1 sep |
| | | T+2:02 St 2 sep |
| | | T+2:41 Heat shield sep |
| | | T+2:43 St 3 burn |
| | | T+3:20 St 3 burnout |
| | 1519 | T+9:21 St 3 sep, timer start S+0 |
| | 1519 | T+9:26 FW4S burn |
| | 1519 | T+9:57 FW4S burnout | 97.7 492 x 811 x 37.7 |
| | 1520 | S+1:00 Yo-yo despin |
| | 1520 | S+1:06 Deploy bumper panels |
| | 1521 | S+2:36 Spin spacecraft back up |
| 1972 Aug 28 | | Vel/flux experiments off |
| 1975 Jun 5 | | end of ops |
| 1979 Nov 2 | | Reentered |