Friday, February 28, 1997

USA-81

 1992-023A


The third Titan 23G test payload was launched in Apr 1992. It was discovered shortly after launch by R. Kracht in an orbit similar to that of USA 32 but in an orbital plane displaced by 90 degrees. This satellite was registered with the UN, with a low parking orbit of 145 x 175 km given. This may be the orbit of the Titan rocket just prior to reentry, rather than the actual parking orbit of the payload.


USA 81 
 

DateTimeEventOrbit  

1992 Apr 25  0853  Launch by Titan 23G  V SLC4W 
  T+2:30? Stage 1 sep 
  T+2:30? Stage 2 burn 
  T+3:45? Fairing 
  T+5:25? Stage 2 MECO 
 0858? T+5:30? Stage 2 sep  
1992 Apr 25    89.1 147 x 175 x 85.0 (UN) 
1992 Apr 25   Orbit raise 1 
1992 Apr 25   Orbit raise 2 
1992 May 11    100.77 788 x 801 x 85.03 

Wednesday, February 19, 1997

Kosmos 575

  1973-043A


Kosmos-575 was launched in Jun 1973 from Plesetsk on a 12 day mission.  


Kosmos-575 
 

DateTimeEventOrbit  

1973 Jun 21  1329:57  Launch by 11A57  PL 
 1334 Blok-I burn  
 1338  Blok-I sep  
1973 Jun 22  2328   89.24 203 x 269 x 65.4 
1973 Jun 23  0000   89.25 204 x 271 x 65.41 (RAE) 
1973 Jun 27  1926   89.16 201 x 264 x 65.4 
1973 Jul 2  1817   89.08 199 x 258 x 65.4 
1973 Jul 3  0604? Retrofire 
 0614? PO sep 
 0620? Entry 
 0636? Landed after 11.71d 

Kosmos 1140

 1979-089A




Kosmos-1140 
 

DateTimeEventOrbit  

1979 Oct 11  1636 Launch by 11K65M  Plesetsk 
  Stage 2 burn 
 1644? T+8 min Stage 2 MECO-1 
  Stage 2 MES-2 
  T+34min Stage 2 MECO-2 
 1710?  Stage 2 sep 
1979 Oct 11   100.7 780x805x74.1 

Tuesday, February 18, 1997

Kosmos 1539

 1984-020A


The Feb 1984 Kobal't mission continued the existing pattern.


Kosmos-1539 
 

DateTimeEventOrbit  

1984 Feb 28  1400:00 Launch by Soyuz  PL 
 1408  Blok-I MECO 
1984 Feb 28    89.60 167 x 340 x 67.2 
1984 Feb 29   
90.11 182 x 376 x 67.1 
1984 Mar 1    90.03 181 x 370 x 67.1 
1984 Mar 2    89.25 170 x 304 x 67.1 
1984 Mar 5    89.01 166 x 284 x 67.1 
1984 Mar 6    88.95 165 x 280 x 67.1 
1984 Mar 6   
90.25 167 x 405 x 67.1 
1984 Mar 7    90.19 166 x 400 x 67.1 
1984 Mar 8   
89.21 165 x 304 x 67.1 
1984 Mar 11    88.83 159 x 273 x 67.1 
1984 Mar 12   
89.05 172 x 282 x 67.1 
1984 Mar 13    88.93 170 x 273 x 67.1 
1984 Mar 14   
89.73 175 x 346 x 67.1 
1984 Mar 22    89.10 166 x 293 x 67.1 
1984 Mar 23   
89.78 165 x 360 x 67.1 
1984 Mar 29    89.11 158 x 301 x 67.1 
  
89.65 184 x 329 x 67.1 
1984 Apr 2  89.17 177 x 289 x 67.1 
1984 Apr 6   
89.53 175 x 327 x 67.1 
1984 Apr 9   
 2224?  Deorbit 
 2240? Entry 
 2256?  Landing

Pegsat

 1990-028A


Pegsat was a test satellite for the first Pegasus launch and it remained attached to the Pegasus Orion 38 third stage motor. Developed by NASA-Goddard and built in-house, it carried Barium release canisters left over from the CRRES program as a bonus scientific experiment. The NB52 008 carrier aircraft took off from RW04/22 at Edwards AFB at 1803 on 1990 Apr 5 and flew out over the Point Arguello Warning Area 80 km W of Vandenberg AFB. At 1910:17 the B-52 dropped the Pegasus at an altitude of 13 km. First stage ignition was at 1910:22, burnout at 1911:38 at an altitude of 70 km. Stage 2 ignited at 1911:47 at 76 km, and burnt out at 1912:59 at 198 km. The second and third stages remained attached for a coast period, then at 1918:39 the second stage separated and stage 3 ignited for a 66 s burn at 537 km altitude. Earth orbit insertion was at 1919:45 into a 508 x 687 km x 94.2 deg orbit. The first barium canister was released on 1990 Apr 15; the second was probably released on 1990 Apr 17.


Pegsat 
 

DateTimeEventOrbit  

1990 Apr 5  1803  B-52 takeoff EAFB 
 1910:15  Drop 13.2km 
 1910:20  Stage 1 burn 
 1911:35  T+1:20 Stage 1 cutoff, 70 km 
 1911:43  T+1:28 Stage 1 sep 
 1911:45  T+1:30 Stage 2 burn 
 1912:10  T+1:50 Fairing sep 
 1912:59  T+2:39 Stage 2 cutoff, 198 km 
 1918:39  T+8:19 Stage 2 sep 
 1918:39  Stage 3 burn, 537 km, 2.5 deg 4.552 km/s 
 1919:45  T+9:25 Stage 3 cutoff 7.580  

 

1919:47  SECS/TERCEL sep 
 1921:32  Stage 3 end of tx 
1990 Apr 16   Canister R1 sep 
 0545:07  Canister R1 release Ba at 244E 
1990 Apr 25   Canister R2 sep 
 0449:01  R2 release Ba 
1991 Jan?  end of ops 
1996 Nov 14   Reentered 

The Image Game

https://welib.org/md5/81cdfae16e93216d61125df1b085d3ee

Zond 4

  1968-013A


The L-1 No. 6 spacecraft was given the code-name Zond-4 after launch. The earlier Zond space probes were planetary probes in the MV series and entirely unrelated to the L-1 lunar program.

In an interview with Bert Vis, Vitaliy Sevastyanov reported that he and Popovich were participating in a simulated L-1 mission at Yevpatoria during the flight; their communications from the L-1 simulator were routed through Zond-4 in deep space and then back to TsUP. He said that the spacecraft reentered on Mar 9 over the Atlantic in the Gulf of Guinea, but was destroyed at an altitude of 15 km by ground command because no recovery fleet was available at that time. Another report claimed that attitude control failed on reentry and still other rumours suggested that it landed accidentally in China, but the Sevastyanov report has now been confirmed.

The Energiya history states that an orientation system problem led to a ballistic reentry and use of the auto destruct above the Gulf of Guinea. The intent was to make a 46 km pass and skip out to 145 km for final reentry,but the skip did not work and the auto destruct fired at 15 km altitude.

The reentry time implies an apogee of about 294000 km and a TLI velocity of 10.84 km/s.


Zond-4 
 

DateTimeEventOrbit  

1968 Mar 2  1829:23 Launch by Proton  KB 
 1838  Stage 3 sep  -1500 x 200 x 51.5 
 1842?  Blok D burn 1, 150s? 
 1844?  Blok D MECO-1
 1940   88.4 192 x 205 x 51.5 
  SOK cone sep 
 1941:19 Blok-D burn, TLI, 459s 
  SOZ units sep 
 1948:50 Blok-D MECO-2, TLI 
 1949?  Blok-D sep 
1968 Mar 4  0435  TCM cancelled 
1968 Mar 6   TCM 15s 
1968 Mar 9  1811  PAO sep from SA 
 1819  Entry 
 1819:58 Reentry, attitude control failed 
 1821  APO destruct activated 

Tuesday, February 11, 1997

The Future Of U.S Rockets and Space Travel

 https://welib.org/md5/2dcb72375f3a0733913b7c86c678d705

Meteor 303

 1988-064A


Meteor-3 17F45 No. 3 was launched in Jul 1988 directly to its 1200 km operational orbit. Mass of the satellite was 2150 kg. It operated for 5 years.


Meteor-3 No. 3 
 

DateTimeEventOrbit  

1988 Jul 26  0501:00 Launch by Tsiklon-3 11K68  PL LC32 
 0503  T+2:00 Stage 1 MECO 
 0505  T+4:37 Stage 2 off, sep  
 0506  T+5:20 S5M burn 1 
 0508  T+7:03 S5M cutoff 1  135? x 1200? x 82.5  
 0549? T+48m? S5M burn 2, 15s? 
 0550?  T+49m? S5M cutoff 2 
 0550? T+49m? S5M sep from Meteor-2 
   109.36 1186 x 1209 x 82.6 
1993 Oct 14   End of ops

Kosmos 209

  1968-023A


The second US-A flight was in Mar 1968. The orbit was probably raised on Mar 23, with the radar and propulsion unit tracked early on Mar 24. Late on Mar 23 a debris object was cataloged in the low orbit; on Mar 27 an object was cataloged in a high orbit somewhat below the reactor and decaying rapidly.


Kosmos-209 
 

DateTimeEventOrbit  

1968 Mar 22  0930:34  Launch by 11K67  KB  
 0933 Stage 2 burn  
 0935 Stage 2 sep 
 0945 DU burn 
 0948DU cutoff  89.74 183 x 343 x 65.04 (RAE) 
 0955? Stage 2 entry 
 1050   89.75 181 x 342 x 65.0 
 1100?  Adjust orbit 
 1648   89.60 211 x 298 x 65.1 
1968 Mar 23  1020?  Adjust orbit 
 1057? DV1 
 1147? DV2 
1968 Mar 23  1944  (deb 23D) 89.92 233 x 307 x 65.0 
1968 Mar 23  2110   89.47 236 x 259 x 65.1 
1968 Mar 24  0437   89.43 235 x 256 x 65.1 
1968 Mar 24   DU and radar sep 
 0533   103.14 867 x 946 x 65.3 
 0606  (DU)  89.25 228 x 246 x 65.1 
 0607  (radar) 89.47 216 x 280 x 65.1 
1968 Mar 25  1955?  DU reentered 
1968 Mar 27  0404  (deb 23E)  100.98 721 x 889 x 64.9 
1968 Mar 28    103.13 871 x 944 x 65.33 (RAE) 
1968 Mar 29   deb 23D reentered 
1968 Apr 10   Radar reentered 
1968 Apr 22   (deb 23E)  96.69 600 x 600 x 64.9 
1968 May 4   (deb 23E reentered) 
1968 Dec 28    103.15 881 x 933 x 65,3 

Monday, February 10, 1997

Kosmos 1882

 1987-077A


14F40 No. 107 (Resurs F-1 No. 107) was the first Resurs F to demonstrate an extended mission duration of three weeks. It was named Kosmos-1882 after launch.


Kosmos-1882 
 

DateTimeEventOrbit  

1987 Sep 15  1030  Launch by Soyuz-U  PL LC43/4 
 1038 Blok-I sep  88.53 185 x 220 x 82.3 
   88.59 184 x 226 x 82.3 
1987 Sep 16  0930   88.93 184 x 260 x 82.3 
  Orbit raise 
 1700   89.85 256 x 278 x 82.3 
1987 Oct 1  1200   89.78 256 x 272 x 82.3 
1987 Oct 4    89.77 255 x 270 x 82.3 
1987 Oct 5 77C-G sep 
1987 Oct 6    89.72 251 x 270 x 82.3 
 0609?  Deorbit 
 0619? PO sep 
 0628?  Entry 
 0642? Landed 

Seventeen: August 1996

 https://welib.org/md5/ffe346279543e2bf6e0bebf0c5cf62c8

Lessons from privilege : the American prep school tradition

 https://welib.org/md5/cc15f681d5f006a2a3175bfe05d29085

Aviation Week: July 1,1996

 https://welib.org/md5/cd645ec61d21c72b98c579f406e5e2ef

Sunday, February 9, 1997

Kosmos 136

  1966-115A


Zenit-2 No. 47 was the third Zenit-2 launch from Plesetsk. Again, the Zenit-2 was used to inaugurate a new orbital path, this time at 64.6 degrees inclination, similar to the 65.0 degree path used at Baikonur. The 72.9 degree orbit had let satellites image regions further north than was possible using Baikonur launches; the new 64.6 degree orbit allowed the Defense Ministry to increase its launch capacity for the standard missions. 


Kosmos-136 
 

DateTimeEventOrbit  

1966 Dec 19  1200:01 Launch by Vostok 8A92  NIIP-53 LC41/1 
 1204  Blok-A sep 
 1204 Blok-E burn 
 1210? Blok-E sep  89.2 188 x 280 x 64.7 (RAE) 
   198 x 305 x 64.6 (TASS) 
 1742  
89.15 186 x 278 x 64.7 
1966 Dec 20  0109  89.33 196 x 286 x 64.6 
1966 Dec 25  0012   89.22 194 x 277 x 64.6 
1966 Dec 27  0545?Deorbit 
 0610  Landed after 7.8d 

Friday, February 7, 1997

Kosmos 122

  1966-057A


Meteor No. 5 was launched in Jun 1966. Named Kosmos-122, it was the first to be publicly described as a weather satellite.


Kosmos-122 
 

DateTimeEventOrbit  

1966 Jun 25  1030  Launch by 8A92  KB 
 1034 Blok-E burn 
 1039 Blok-E sep  97.1 583 x 657 x 65.1 
1966 Oct   End of transmissions 
1967 Mar? End of ops

Trouble Ahead

 https://welib.org/md5/444118e953f2e62380bbf73d273dd4d3

Thursday, February 6, 1997

Kosmos 110

  1966-015A


The final Voskhod flight was 3KV No. 5, launched under the cover name Kosmos-110. It was a long duration test flight to prepare for the (cancelled) long duration piloted Voskhod-3 mission.


Kosmos-110
 

DateTimeEventOrbit  

1966 Feb 22  2009:36 Launch by 11A57  KB 
 2012?  Strapons sep 
 2014?  Blok-I burn  
 2018  Blok-I sep  95.3 190 x 882 x 51.9 
1966 Mar 15    95.2 182 x 871 x 51.82 (SSR) 
1966 Mar 16  1345? Retrofire 
 1355? PO sep 
 1401?Reentry 
 1415:36 Landed after 21.8d

Kosmos 2221

 1992-080A



Kosmos-2221 
 

DateTimeEventOrbit  

1992 Nov 24  0409:59 Launch by 11K68  Plesetsk 
  T+2:00 St 1 sep 
  T+3:33? GO sep 
  T+4:38? St 2 sep 
  T+5:20? S5M burn 1 
 0416 T+6:48 S5M MECO1 km 60? x 650 x 82.5 
  T+40:58? S5M burn 2  
  T+41:08? S5M MECO2 
 0451? T+41:38? S5M sep 
1992 Nov 24    97.87 650x663x82.5 

Kosmos 380

 1970-100A


A subgroup 2 DS-P1-Yu mission with a 1500 km apogee, DS-P1-Yu No. 26, was launched in Nov 1970 as Kosmos-380. 


Kosmos-380 
 

DateTimeEventOrbit  

1970 Nov 24  1100  Launch by 11K63  PL  
 1102  Stage 2 burn  
 1107?  Stage 2 sep  
1970 Nov 25  0500   102.15 199 x 1520 x 81.95 (RAE) 
1970 Dec?  End of operations 
1971 Mar 1  0000   98.39 195 x 1167 x 81.95 (RAE) 
1971 Jun 17  2121? Reentered 


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