Kosmos 2285

 1994-045A

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The Kosmos-2285 satellite was launched into an orbit similar to the Parus navsats, but at 74 degrees instead of 83 degrees inclination. It was the first Obzor satellite, 17F118-O No. 1. It was used to test out systems for the Nadezhda-M series, in particular an improved combined solar pointing and gravity gradient attitude control system.

Kosmos-2285
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1994 Aug 2	2000:00	Launch by 11K65M	PL LC132
		T+2:10 St 1 MECO
		T+2:12 St 1 sep
		T+2:12 St 2 burn 59km
		T+2:27 Fairing sep 76km
	2008	T+8:03 St 2 MECO 150 km	150 x 1003? x 83
	2102?	T+1:02 St 2 MES2
	2102?	T+1:02 St 2 MECO2
	2103?	T+1:03 St 2 sep
1994 Aug 25			975 x 1012 x 74.0

Payload:

• KOE-OE Opto-electronic Imagers, 5 to 75 m res.

STS-58 (Columbia)

 1993-065A

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STS-58 was launched on 1993 Oct 18 carrying Spacelab SLS-2, the second Spacelab Life Sciences mission, including an EDO extended duration orbiter pallet.

SLS-2 concentrated on cardiovascular, regulatory, neurovestibular and musculoskeletal studies. Two crewmembers had catheters inserted to measure central venous pressure; bicycle ergometers, echocardiograms and pulmonary studies were also used. The rotating dome and rotating chair systems were used for vestibular studies. The crew collected blood, urine and saliva samples which were centrifuged and stored in the Spacelab refrigerator. Studies were also carried out on rats, including the first on-orbit rodent dissection.

During reentry, the RCS was used for DTO 250 (Forward RCS Flight Control Surfaces Test).

EDO pallet mass was 1627 kg. The EDO tanks and the standard PSRD tanks contained 2615 kg of O2 and 305 kg of H2 at launch, and 612 kg of O2 and 64 kg of H2 remained at landing. Total usage was 2003 kg of O2 and 240 kg of H2. The combined EDO and PSRD had 16 tanks.

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STS-58 crew

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• Commander John E. Blaha, Col USAF

• Pilot Richard A. Searfoss, Lt. Col. USAF

• Payload Commander/MS1 M. Rhea Seddon, MD, NASA

• Mission Specialist 2 William S. McArthur, Jr, Lt Col USA

• Mission Specialist 3 David Wolf, MD, NASA

• Mission Specialist 4 Shannon W. Lucid, PhD, NASA

• Payload Specialist 1 Martin J. Fettman, DVM, PhD, Colorado State U.

STS-58 mission events
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1993 Aug 11		Rollover to VAB	VAB
1993 Aug 13		ET mate	VAB
1993 Sep		Rollout	LC39B
1993 Oct 18	1453:10	Launch	LC39B
	1455:14	SRB sep
	1501:46	MECO	78 x 290 x 39.0 (OMS dV)
	1502:05	ET sep
	1535:05	OMS 2 2:05 60m/s
	1537:10	OMS 2 CO
	1625	PLBD open
1993 Oct 19	1203		90.24 282 x 290 x 39.0
1993 Oct 21			90.21 281 x 288 x 39.02
1993 Oct 23	1104		90.18 279 x 286 x 39.02
1993 Oct 23	2144:11	OMS 3R 19s 5m/s lower peri	90.02 264 x 285 x 39.02
	2144:30	OMS 3R CO
1993 Oct 29	1102		89.95 262 x 280 x 39.0
1993 Oct 31	1743		89.89 259 x 278 x 39.0
1993 Nov 1	1125	PLBD closed
	1405:30	OMS DO (2:40) 81m/s	5 x 282 x 39.0
	1408:10	OMS DO CO
	1434:23	Entry interface
	1505:23	Gear down
	1505:43	Landing	RW22 EAFB
	1505:54	Chute deploy
	1505:55	NGTD
	1506:26	Chute sep
	1506:45	Wheels stop
1993 Nov 7	1800	SCA takeoff	EAFB
	2305	SCA landing	Columbus AFB MS
1993 Nov 8	1200	SCA takeoff	Columbus AFB MS
	1410	SCA landing	KSC SLF
	1730	Tow to OPF

Kosmos 11

 1962-056

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Satellite DS-A1 No. 1 was launched on 1962 Oct 20 and was announced as carrying a Mayak ionospheric topside sounder beacon and instruments to study ion density and atmospheric density. In fact, the main purpose of the DS-A1 series was to measure the properties of high altitude nuclear explosions and artifical and natural radiation belts, similar to the US Starad and EPE-D satellites. Mass of the DS-A1 satellites was from 210 to 260 kg. DS-A1 was also considered an analog to Vela. Later, Uragan satellites carried nuclear explosion detection sensors.

DS-A1 was an ellipsoid with a mass of 220 kg.

Kosmos-11
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1962 Oct 20	0400	Launch by 63S1	GTsP4
	0402	S1 burn
	0407?	S1 sep
			234 x 901 x 49.0
1962 Nov 28		End of ops
1964 May 18		Reentered

Payload:

• LZ radiation detection complex

  • LZ-1 gamma ray meter for radiation studies.

  • LZ-3 geiger counter for particle flux

  • LZ-3R X-ray flux meter

  • LZ-4 Energetic particle flux

• KZ-21 trapped radiation composition and energy spectra

• Albatros ionizing radition complex

  • RIG-01 radiometer

  • RIG-104/105 gamma spectrometers

  • RIG-202 beta-spectrometer

• IKD-62 neutron flux detector

People: February 16,1998

 https://welib.org/md5/749263b10c7afe811b7c4e2b2f0661db

Spaceflight And Rocketry : A Chronology

 https://welib.org/md5/c977c377ff91ec8ab62ebaf2d65c58d2

The good school book: a guide to private education in Canada

 https://welib.org/md5/14e28ce969e4828934c6e461753e589c

Journal of the British Interplanetary Society: January 1998

 https://welib.org/md5/dd029ea00dee697e65b7c2c711c26cf7

STS-77 (Endeavour)

 1996-032A

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The STS-77 launch was the first with three Block I SSMEs, and the first with control from the new Houston MCC during the launch phase. The mission carried a materials processing furnace in the Spacehab module, the Spartan 207 inflatable antenna experiment, a GAS Bridge, and the TEAMS technology experiment bridge.

On May 20 the Spartan was deployed, and two hours later IAE was inflated. Doors on the Spartan bus opened to release the antenna, allowing the dish to move out. A spring loaded platform had been intended to push out the antenna, but the struts pushed it out early and inflation began 50 sec later. The inflation was successful, although some minutes later the IAE/Spartan began to tumble in pitch.

The PAMS STU satellite was deployed on May 22. Four hours later, OV-105 came back for a first rendezvous to observe it, 600m behind PAMS to avoid disturbing it with the Orbiter's wake.

By the third rendezvous on May 27, STU had stabilized itself successfully, confirming theoretical expectations. The laser measurement devices on the TEAMS bridge successfully acquired STU for the first time. Also on May 27, Endeavour passed close to Mir and Casper exchanged pleasantries with EO-21 Flight-Engineer-2 Shannon Lucid.

STS-77
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1996 Apr 8		Roll from OPF3 to VAB
1996 Apr 9		ET mate
1996 Apr 16		Roll to LC39B
1996 May 19	1030:00	Launch by STS	KSC LC39B
	1032:04	RSRM-47 sep
	1038:29	MECO
	1038:47	ET-78 sep	82 x 283 x 39.0 (OMS dV)
	1111:47	OMS 2 2:06 60.5 m/s
	1113:53	OMS 2 CO
	1200		90.22 280 x 290 x 39.01
	1212:28	PLBD open	280 x 290 x 39.0
	1519	RMS checkout complete
	1535	RMS payload bay survey
1996 May 20	0600		90.21 279 x 290 x 39.02
	1030?	Spartan 207 unberth
	1129:12	Spartan 207 deploy
	1131:16	SEP S-1 OV-105 back off to 120m
	1404	OV-105 back off
	1415	OV-105 stationkeep at 230 m
	1452	OV-105 back off
	1500?	OV-105 stationkeep at 900 m
	1559	RMS cradle
1996 May 21	0600		90.20 278 x 289 x 39.02
	0948	Ku-band acquires Spartan at 36km
	1202		90.19 278 x 288 x 39.0
	1440	Rendezvous with Spartan
	1452:47	RMS grapple Spartan
	1555:41	RMS berth Spartan
1996 May 22	0919	PAMS STU deploy
	0943	Sep burn
	1140	Rendezvous burns
	1200		90.17 278 x 287 x 39.01
	1354:05	Rendezvous 1 with STU, 600m trailing
	1600	End rendezvous 1
1996 May 23		Rendezvous burns
	1200		90.19 280 x 286 x 39.01
	1500		90.17 276 x 288 x 39.01
	1800		90.19 280 x 287 x 39.01
1996 May 24	0600		90.16 276 x 288 x 39.01
1996 May 25	0500		90.16 277 x 287 x 39.01
	0512:00	RCS 0.6m/s Rendezvous circ burn
	0544	NCC Rendezvous burn
	0640	TI burn
	0725	MC1
	0735	MC2
	0800	Rendezvous 2 at VBN (V-bar Null), 600m
	1430s	End rendezvous 2
1996 May 27	0518	RV-3 NC burn 0.6m/s
	0802:33	Rendezvous 3 with STU, 730 m
	1502	End rendezvous 3
	1545	Sep burn 1.8 m/s	90.15 277 x 286 x 39.0
1996 May 29	0730:09	PLBD closed	90.10 274 x 284 x 39.0
	1009:30	Deorbit 3:28 107.8m/s
	1012:58	OMS DO CO	-75 x 276 x 39.0
	1037:39	Entry interface 122 km
	1109:24	MGTD KSC RW33 (10d 0h 39m 24s or 18s)
	1109:26	Chute out
	1109:33	NGTD
	1109:56	Chute sep
	1110:11	Wheels stop
	1550	Tow to OPF/3

Kiku 1

  1975-082A

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NASDA's first satellite was Engineering Test Satellite 1 (ETS-1), named Kiku (Chrysanthenum) after launch. It was built by Nippon NEC with collaboration from Hughes. Launch was at 84 deg azimuth corresponding to 30.5 deg inclination; third stage burn changed inclination to 47 deg.

Kiku
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1975 Sep 9	0530	Launch by N-1	TNSC
		T+81s SOB sep
		T+3:39 MECO
		T+3:46 VECO
		T+3:47 St 1 sep
	0533	T+3:50 SES-1 for 3:50
	0534	T+4:03 Fairing
	0537	T+7:40 SECO
	0550	Stage 2 sep	-2044 x 999 x 30.6
	0550	T+20:08 TES (40s?)
	0550	TECO
	0552	T+22:32 St 3 sep
1975 Sep 9			105.9 975 x 1103 x 47.0
1978 Sep		Still tx
1982 Apr 28		end of ops

Kosmos 359

  1970-065A

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The V-70 No. 631 probe was launched five days after No. 630. It was successfully placed in Earth parking orbit, but the Blok-L fourth stage ignited late and shut down after only 25 seconds due to sequencer and power supply failures, and the probe remained in elliptical Earth orbit. It was given the name Kosmos-359. Tranmissions from the fourth stage were tracked in Sweden on the second orbit, by which time it was tumbling.

The BOZ and the Blok-I entered low orbit; one of them was cataloged as 65B and the other one was missed - not clear which. 65A is probably the Venus probe. 65C, D and E began in the elliptical orbt assocated with the probe; two decayed quickly - including 65C which Space-Track labels as the Blok-L stage, which I find unlikely. 65D is the densest object from the launch and remained in orbit for over a year. It is probably either the Blok L stage or the Venus entry capsule. If it is the latter then the Blok-L might have remained attached to the main Venus probe as object A.

Kosmos-359
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1970 Aug 22	0506:09	Launch by 8K78M	KB LC31
	0510?	Blok-I burn
	0515?	Blok-I sep	89.49 207 x 298 x 51.80
	0627	Blok-L burn
	0627	Blok-L shutdown, premature
	0631?	Blok-L sep
1970 Aug 24	0700		95.57 208 x 890 x 51.13 (RAE)
1970 Aug 26	1034		95.38 207 x 866 x 51.1
1970 Nov 6	0614?	Reentered
1971 Oct 6		65D reentered

Kosmos 542

  1972-106A

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The fourth Tselina-D satellite, Kosmos-542, was launched in Dec 1972 from Plesetsk. It entered Tselina-D plane A, 60 deg west of Kosmos-389.

Kosmos-542
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1972 Dec 28	1100:00	Launch by 8A92M	PL
	1105?	Blok-E burn
	1110?	Blok-E sep
1972 Dec 31	0000		96.38 527 x 641 x 81.22 (RAE)
1983 Oct 9		Reentered

Aviation Week: January 19,1998

 https://welib.org/md5/19606b340331360e4155ceef4c86ac67

Kosmos 886

  1976-126A

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Kosmos-886 exploded on Dec 27.6 after a close pass (within 30 km) of Kosmos-880 on the interceptor's second perigee.

Kosmos-886
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1976 Dec 27	1205	Launch by 11K69	KB
	1207	Stage 2 burn
	1210	Stage 2 MECO	95.17 140 x 1260? x 62.8
1976 Dec 27	1255?	Raise perigee?
1976 Dec 27			65.9 532x1266x65.9
1976 Dec 27	1338?	Perigee?
1976 Dec 27	1355?	Raise apogee	595 x 2310 x 65.8
1976 Dec 27	1532	Attempted intercept on rev 2 at 570 km

Palapa A2

 1977-018A

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Perumtel Indonesia's second Palapa satellite was launched in 1977 and stationed over the Indian Ocean. The satellite was still transmitting in 1985 and being used for research tests.

Palapa 2
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1977 Mar 10	2316	Launch by Delta 2914	CC LC17
		T+0:38 SRM 1-6 out
		T+0:39 SRM 7-9 on
		T+1:18 SRM 7-9 out
		T+1:27 SRM 1-9 sep
		T+3:48 MECO
		T+3:56 Stage 1 sep
	2320:01	T+4:01 SES-1 4:54
		T+4:35 fairing
	2324:55	T+8:55 SECO-1 188 km 7.839 km/s
	2338	T+22:38 Stage 2 sep
		T+22:36 Spinup 231 km 7.748 km/s
	2339	T+23:20 TES 43s 231 km 7.748 km/s
	2340	T+24:03 TECO 233 km 10.221 km/s	232 x 36480? x 24.3?
	2341	T+25:16 Star 37 sep
1977 Mar 11	0033	T+1:17:24 SES-2 experimental 2s
	0033	T+1:17:26 SECO-2
	0600?	Apo 1
	1600?	Apo 2 over 80W
1977 Mar 12	0300?	Apo 3 122E, AKM?	1436.1 35764 x 35809 x 0.1
	1400?	Apo 4 41W
1977 Mar 13	0100?	Apo 5 160E
	1200?	Apo 6 5W
	2200?	Apo 7 164E
1977 Mar 14
	0900?	Apo 8 32E
	2000?	Apo 9 131W
1977 Mar			GEO 77E
1977 Apr 15		Operational
1979 Dec 26			1435.77 35751 x 35809 x 2.7 GEO 79.5E
1980 Jan		Drifting	GEO 81E
1980 Apr 20			1436.05 35781 x 35789 x 3.0 GEO 85.3E