Soyuz T-10A

 1983-F02

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7K-ST spacecraft 11F732 No. 16L was prepared to deliver astronauts Titov and Strekalov to Salyut-7. The Soyuz-T spacecraft sat on top of an 11A511U Soyuz-U launch vehicle at Baikonur on 1983 Sep 26. As the countdown reached T-20s, a fire in the first stage caused an emergency abort, the first time a spaceship launch escape tower had been fired with a crew aboard. The mission would have been Soyuz T-10 if the launch had gone according to plan. The SA was reflown on the Soyuz T-15 mission in 1986.

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Crew

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• Komandir Podpol. Vladimir Titov, VVS

• Bortinzhener Gennadiy Strekalov, NPO Energiya

Soyuz T No. 16L
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1983 Sep 26	1937:49	Launch due by Soyuz-U	KB
	1937	Fire in Soyuz-U
	1937:51	SAS tower abort, T-20s, 4s burn
	1937	Soyuz-U explodes
	1938	Soyuz T apogee 1.4 km, range 4 km
	1939	Fairing sep
	1943:04?	Landed

Mars 3

  1971-049A

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The third Mars-71 probe was the most successful. M-71 (3M) No. 172 was placed in solar orbit at the end of the May 1971 window and named Mars-3. It reached Mars in Dec 1971; a leak in its propellant system left it barely enough fuel for the orbit insertion burn but it did successfully become a Martian satellite. The lander reached the surface of Mars on 1971 Dec 2.

Launch mass was 4560 kg including the 1000 kg lander. Orbiter was about 3440 kg prior to MOI, probably 2050-2350 kg after.

Mars-3
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1971 May 28	1526:30	Launch by Proton-K	KB
	1528	Stage 1 sep
	1531	Stage 2 sep
	1535	Stage 3 MECO
	1535	Stage 3 sep
	1539	Blok-D burn
	1541?	Blok-D MECO-1
	1644?	Blok-D MES-2
	1647	Asc node
	1650?	Blok-D MECO-2
	1650?	Blok-D sep
1971 Jun 8		TCM-1
1971 Nov		TCM-2
1971 Dec 2	0914	SA module sep
	1005	Retrofire (MOI)	1500 x 200000 x 62
1972 Aug		End of transmissions?

The Mars-3 Spuskaemiy Apparat separated from Mars-3 on 1971 Dec 2 and landed on Mars, becoming the first spacecraft to transmit from the surface, albeit for less than two minutes. It carried a PROP-M `hopper' rover, a box-shaped vehicle with skis which was tethered to the lander and would have had a range of about 15 meters.

Mars-3 SA
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1971 Dec 2	0914	SA sep
	0929	SA braking 0.10 km/s
	0929?	RDTT sep
	1344	Mars atmosphere entry
	1345?	Heat shield sep
	1347	Landed 45S 158W
	1350:35	TV signal received
	1350:55	end of tx after 110s