Jessica’s First Kiss

https://welib.org/md5/561edb0d7f589c9fb6e1412ca92dc1ae

The real high school handbook

https://welib.org/md5/bc5236269d2bdc24426feb48fc46950c

Apollo : an eyewitness account by astronaut/explorer artist/moonwalker Alan Bean

 https://welib.org/md5/21a16d0d2b189df7eac51cac4186ec59

A Picture-Perfect Prom?

https://welib.org/md5/43492d9a0250d50113e94bbd54337fac

Aviation Week: December 14,1998

 https://welib.org/md5/083f4c61669dc3a288ae78424bf53c0b

GOES-6

 1983-041A

---

Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite 06 (GOES F) was launched by Delta 3914 from Cape Canaveral LC17A at 2226 on 1983 Apr 28. By May 13 it was on station at the GOES W position. After the failure of GOES 5's imager in Jul 1984, GOES 6 was moved to a compromise position at 98W, from where it could cover both coasts of the United States. It arrived there on 1984 Aug 21. In Nov 1986 it was moved to 109.3W in anticipation of the GOES 7 launch, arriving on station on Dec 28.

GOES 6
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1983 Apr 28	2226	Launch by Delta 3914
		T+0:57 SRM 1-5 off
		SRM 6-9 on
		T+1:04 SRM 1-5 sep
		SRM 6-9 off
		T+2:01 SRM 6-9 sep
		T+3:44 MECO
		T+3:52 Stage 1 sep
	2230	T+3:58 SES-1 4:20
		T+4:? Fairing
	2234	T+8:18 SECO-1	190? x 400? x 28?
	2246	T+20:14 SES-2 51s
	2247	T+21:05 SECO-2	260? x ? x 26?
	2248	T+22:07 Spinup
	2248	T+22:09 St 2 sep
	2248	T+22:40 TES 44s
	2249	T+23:33 TECO
	2250	T+24:42 St 3 sep	883.42 258 x 47981 x 25.3
		SES-3 depletion	118.39 404 x 2827 x 25.3
1983 Apr 30	1130?	Star 27 burn 35s, 1st apo
	1130?	Star 27 burnout
	1145?	Star 27 eject
1983 Apr 30			1707.33 33377 x 48482 x 0.4
1983 May 3			1708.31 33531 x 48386 x 0.5
1983 May 6			1568.49 33528 x 43151 x 0.5
1983 May 9			1566.48 35463 x 41140 x 0.5
1983 May 9			1480.99 35435 x 37885 x 0.5
1983 May 10			1429.67 35435 x 35885 x 0.5 GEO 138.2W+1.6E
1983 May 14			1436.00 35716 x 35852 x 0.4 GEO 134.8W
1984 Jan 30			1436.12 35781 x 35792 x 0.1 GEO 136.1W
1984 Aug 10		mv out	1436.35 35781 x 35802 x 0.1 GEO 135.2W
1984 Aug 12			1431.05 35580 x 35794 x 0.1
1984 Sep 11		mv in 97W	1436.06 35775 x 35796 x 0.0 GEO 97.8W
1984 Oct 13			1436.11 35779 x 35794 x 0.0 GEO 97.0W
1984 Oct 24		mv out
1984 Dec 12		mv in 108W	1436.28 35731 x 35848 x 0.2 GEO 108.1W
1985 Jan 18			1436.11 35710 x 35863 x 0.0 GEO 108.5W
1985 May 26		mv out	1436.08 35745 x 35827 x 0.05 GEO 107.8W
1985 Jul 11		mv in 97W	1436.00 35780 x 35789 x 0.1 GEO 98.9W
1985 Aug 28			1435.96 35780 x 35787 x 0.1 GEO 97.4W
1985 Oct 22		mv out	1436.11 35784 x 35789 x 0.1 GEO 97.7W
1985 Oct 24			1437.58 35783 x 35847 x 0.1
1986 Jan 16		mv in 108W	1436.11 35779 x 35794 x 0.0 GEO 108.2W
1986 Jun 12			1436.20 35787 x 35790 x 0.1 GEO 108.3W
1986 Jun 20		mv out	1434.34 35712 x 35791 x 0.1 GEO 107.6W+0.4E
1986 Jul 8		mv in 97W	1436.06 35781 x 35790 x 0.0 GEO 98.6W
1986 Aug 22			1436.00 35774 x 35794 x 0.1 GEO 98.0W
1996 Nov 18			1436.14 35779 x 35796 x 0.1 GEO 97.7W
1996 Nov 20		mv out	1437.92 35781 x 35863 x 0.1 GEO 97.7W+0.4W
1986 Dec 15		mv in 108W	1436.15 35781 x 35793 x 0.0 GEO 107.4W
1987 Mar 12			1436.17 35783 x 35792 x 0.1 GEO 108.2W
1987 Apr 5		mv out	1439.84 35846 x 35873 x 0.1 GEO 112.9W+1.0W
1987 Jun 11		mv in 135W	1436.10 35763 x 35810 x 0.1 GEO 136.3+0.01W
1987 Jun 22			1436.04 35765 x 35805 x 0.0 GEO 136.2W
1988 Feb 20			1436.10 35767 x 35805 x 0.1 GEO 135.7W
1989 Jan 21		VAS failed
1989 Jul 31			1436.08 35748 x 35823 x 1.5 GEO 134.1W
1990 May 20			1435.97 35773 x 35795 x 2.1 GEO 136.1W
1992 Mar 3			1436.21 35775 x 35802 x 3.8 GEO 136.1W
1992 May 19		mv out	1435.91 35771 x 35794 x 3.9 GEO 134.7W+0.04E
1992 May 24		Decommissioned
1992 Nov 8		drifting	1435.34 35761 x 35781 x 4.3 GEO 114.5W+0.2E
1994 Mar 19			1436.85 35785 x 35817 x 5.4 GEO 96.5W+0.2W

Kosmos 961

 1977-104A

---

Kosmos-961 carried out a record low altitude intercept of Kosmos 959. The deorbit of Kosmos-961 was observed from Japan. 

Kosmos-961
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1977 Oct 26	0514	Launch by 11K69	KB
	0516	Stage 2 burn
	0519	Stage 2 MECO	88.7 125x302x66 (NLJ)
	0542?	Possible orbit change	101.8 269x1421x66.4 (RAE)
	0555?	Orbit change
	0640?	Guess perigee burn
	0725?	Orbit change
	0820?	Flyby K959
	0837?	Reentered over NE Japan coast

The Hollywood rules : what you must know to make it in the film industry

 https://welib.org/md5/4e01fb3421a3a3d9879c62879b35e5ce

Kosmos 759

  1975-084A

---

Kosmos-759 made an unusual midnight recovery after its 11 day mission. This was a test flight of a new visual beacon to aid in future Zenit recoveries.

Kosmos-759
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1975 Sep 12	0530	Launch by Soyuz	Plesetsk
	0534	Blok-I burn
	0538	Blok-I sep
1975 Sep 12			89.55 229 x 275 x 62.8
1975 Sep 18			89.47 227 x 269 x 62.8
1975 Sep 23
	2006?	Deorbit
	2015?	PO sep
	2026?	Entry
	2042?	Landed

Galaxy 10

 1998-F03

---

Galaxy 10 was a Hughes HS-601HP satellite built by Hughes/El Segundo for Panamsat. The satellite carried 24 C-band and 24 Ku-band transponders to provide US/Caribbean coverage, and was to have replaced the aging SBS-5 satellite at 123 deg West. Launch mass of Galaxy 10 was 3876 kg; BOL mass 2115 kg. I haven't been able to find its dry mass. Replenishing the Galaxy/PAS constellation was a high priority for Panamsat following the loss of Galaxy 4 and problems with Galaxy 7.

Dimensions are 26m span, 5.9m x 2.7m x 3.6m stowed.

Galaxy III was on the first Delta III 8930 launch vehicle, lost 80 seconds into flight on 1998 Aug 26. Boeing Expendable Launch Systems (formerly McDonnell Douglas) builds the Delta III at Huntingdon Beach, California with final assembly in Pueblo, Colorado. The standard Delta II model is widely regarded as one of the world's most reliable launch vehicles, and I expect that the Delta team will recover from this failure and eventually bring the new rocket up to the same standard. However, the loss of the initial vehicle is certainly a major blow for Boeing and for the US space launch industry; although it represents less money than the recent Titan failure, it will probably have a wider impact. The Delta III consists of:

- Nine Alliant GEM-46 solid strapon motors, a scaled up version of the GEM-40 motors used on the Delta II 7925. The graphite-epoxy case motors use HTPB solid propellant. The motors are built in Alliant's Bacchus, Utah factory; Alliant was formerly known as Hercules Powder and built the upper stage for the first Delta back in 1960.

- The Delta III First Stage, similar to the Delta II first stage, but with the fuel tank at the top reshaped to fit with the wider upper stage. It uses the same LOX/kerosene RS-27A main engine as the Delta II.

- The Delta III Second Stage. This is an entirely new stage, and the first entirely new high energy upper stage developed in the US since the 1960s. It uses a Pratt and Whitney LOX/liquid hydrogen RL10B-2 engine with a long extensible nozzle built by SEP of France. The RL10B-2, with a world record specific impulse of over 462 seconds, is a new version of the venerable RL10 engine used in the Lockheed Martin Astronautics Centaur, the other US high energy upper stage. The liquid hydrogen tank for the Delta III second stage is build by Mitsubishi of Japan, which also builds the liquid hydrogen stage of the Japanese H-II rocket. The Delta III second stage is 4.0m in diameter, much larger than the Delta II stage which still uses tankage derived in part from the 1960-vintage Ablestar. However, the appearance of the new stage, with the narrower LOX tank held inside an interstage and the large nozzle assembly, is still reminiscent of the traditional Delta stage.

- The 4.0 meter fairing, much larger than the old 10-foot Delta II fairing. Boeing also builds the large Titan IV fairings, so has lots of experience in this field.

The launch profile involves igniting the RS-27A main engine and six of the GEM-46 solids at launch. At 80 seconds into flight the six solids separate and the remaining three GEM-46 solids ignite. At 40-50 seconds, however, an unexpected 4 Hz roll mode instability became significant and the solid motor TVC fuel ran out correcting the problem, causing the vehicle to go out of control.

The planned launch profile included a first burn of the second stage engine from T+4min to T+13 min, leaving Delta in a 157 x 1176 km parking orbit. After a 9 minute coase, the stage would burn again to enter a 185 x 35719 km x 27.5 deg geostationary transfer orbit, separating from the Galaxy 10 satellite payload.

Galaxy 10
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1998 Aug 27	0117:00	Launch by Delta 3	CC LC17B
	0117:55	T+0:55 Guidance problem
	0118:12	T+1:12 Yaw 30 degrees, 18 km alt
	0118:15	T+1:15 auto destruct

Kosmos 559

  1973-030A

---

Kosmos-559 was launched in May 1973 from Plesetsk, aboard the first Soyuz-U (11A511U) launch vehicle which would become the standard model for a quarter century. This Zenit-4MK satellite remained in orbit for 5 days and possibly represents a test mission.

Kosmos-559
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1973 May 18	1100:02	Launch by 11A511U	PL
	1104	Blok-I burn
	1108	Blok-I sep
	1430		89.79 204 x 325 x 65.41
1973 May 22		Engine sep	89.78 211 x 317 x 65.39
1973 May 23	0554??	Retrofire
	0604?	PO sep
	0610?	Entry
	0624?	Landed

Mariner 4

  1964-077A

---

Mariner C-3 (Mariner IV after launch) left pad 13 at Cape Kennedy at 1422:01 on 1964 Nov 28. Spacecraft mass was 261 kg including 10 kg of propellant. It entered Earth orbit at 1430 and the Agena D reignited to insert Mariner IV into solar orbit at 1504:28. The Agena separated at 1507:09. Mariner IV made one course correction, at 1609:11 on 1964 Dec 5, before its Mars flyby. Periapsis was at 0100:57 on 1965 Jul 15, and the encounter phase lasted from Jul 14 to Aug 3. Flyby distance was 9844 km. Mariner IV returned photos of the Martian surface revealing a cratered landscape not unlike the Moon. The mission was declared over on 1965 Oct 1, with Mariner IV in a 165.8 x 235.3 million km solar orbit. In an engineering test, a second course correction was carried out at 0603 on 1967 Oct 26, into a 165.6 x 233.5 million km orbit. Mariner IV exhausted its attitude control gas on 1967 Dec 7, and after a rush of 85 micrometeor hits on Dec 10-11 could no longer maintain reliable communications with Earth. The probe was decommissioned on 1967 Dec 20.

Mariner 4
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1964 Nov 28	1422:01	Launch by Atlas Agena D
	1424?	BECO
		Atlas MECO
		Fairing sep
	1427?	Atlas sep
		Agena MES1
	1430:38	Agena MECO, 32min coast	88.1 172 x 185 x 28.3
	1502:53	Agena MES2, 1:36
	1504:28	Agena MECO2
	1507:09	Agena sep	187 x -96015 x 28.13
		Agena retro
	1507:57	Solar orbit insertion, miss dist 242960 km
1964 Dec 5	1609:11	TCM
1965 Jul 14		Encounter phase
1965 Jul 15	0100:57	Mars flyby 9844 km C/A=13201 km
1965 Jul 15	0219:11	Mars occultation
	0313:04	Out of occultation
1965 Aug 3		End of encounter
1965 Oct 1		End of mission	165.8x 235.3 Mkm
1966 Mar 27		Superior conjunction, transmitter tests
1967 Jul 1		1.5M km from Earth
1967 Oct 26	0603:05	TCM-2 70s 62.1m/s	165.6 x 233.5 Mkm
1967 Oct		Cold gas leak
1967 Dec 7		End of ops

Payload:

• Magnetometer

• CR telescope

• Micrometeors

• Ion chamber

• Mars trapped radiation detectors, GM tubes

• Solar plasma probe

• TV camera

Kosmos 1945

 1988-042A

---

Two-tone telemetry; Hi res satellite

Kosmos-1945
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1988 May 19	0915:00	Launch by Soyuz	KB
	0919	Blok-I burn
	0923	Blok-I sep
1988 May 20			90.05 233x322x70.4
1988 May 27			89.21 214 x 255 x 70.4
1988 May 30			89.16 215 x 251 x 70.4
1988 May 31
	0646?	Deorbit
	0655?	PO sep
	0702?	Entry	-212 x 248
	0718?	Landed

Mariner 10

  1973-085A

---

The Mariner Venus Mercury 73 probe was built by Boeing for JPL. The probe was Mariner 73J or Mariner J, Mariner 10 after launch.

The launch took place at 0545 on 1973 Nov 3 by Atlas Centaur from Cape Kennedy. The Atlas separated at 0549 and the Centaur ignited for its first burn, entering parking orbit at 0555. It reignited at 0620 for a 132s burn, separating at 0625 and leaving Mariner 10 in solar orbit en route to Venus. The solar panels and antennae were deployed at this point. In the first few days, Mariner 10 tested its imaging system on the Moon. TCM-1 was a 20s burn made at 0042 on Nov 14, reducing Venus miss distance from 55000 km to 5000 km; the second course correction, TCM-2, was a 3s burn at 1914 on 1974 Jan 21. The probe made observations of comet Kohoutek in January.

The Venus near encounter phase was considered to begin at 1621 on 1974 Feb 5. Periapsis of 5793 km was at 1801 on Feb 5. The far encounter phase began at 1315 on Feb 6 and lasted until Feb 13. Trajectory Correction Maneuver 3 was a 51s burn on Mar 16, to refine the Mercury encounter. Mercury far encounter began on Mar 23, and the near encounter at 0435 on Mar 29. Perihermion was 740 km at 2046 on 1974 Mar 29. Near encounter concluded at 2336 on Mar 30, and far encounter on Apr 12. Mariner 10 had returned the first closeup images of the planet Mercury.

Mariner 10 now made course corrections to ensure the resulting orbit would repeatedly encounter Mercury. TCM-4A and 4B were 195s and 139s burns on May 9; TCM-5 was a 19s burn at 2009 on Jul 2. The Mercury 2 Encounter took place Sep 20-23 with a 48000 km closest approach at 2050 on 1974 Sep 21. TCM-6 was an 83s burn at 2152 on Oct 30, TCM-7 was a 12s burn at 2156 on 1975 Feb 13, and TCM-8 was a final 3s burn at 1855 on 1975 Mar 6 to ensure that Mariner did not hit Mercury. The Mar 16-17 Mercury 3 Encounter saw a 320 km flyby at 2239:24 on 1975 Mar 16. Mariner 10 sent its last transmission on 1975 Mar 24. About half the planet had been mapped by the three flybys.

Mariner 10
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1973 Nov 3	0545:00	Launch by Atlas Centaur
		T+2:26 BECO
		T+2:29 Booster jettison
		T+3:11 Insulation panels sep
		T+4:10 SECO/VECO
	0549:12	T+4:12 Atlas sep
	0549:22	T+4:22 Centaur MES-1
	0551:34	T+6:34 Fairing
	0554:30	T+9:30 Centaur MECO1	88.20 183 x 187 x 28.86
	0619:30	T+34:30 Centaur MES2, 132s
	0621:40	T+36:40 Centaur MECO2
	0624:01	T+38:15 Centaur sep 11.38 km/s	189 x -56493 x 28.90
	0628	Mag boom deploy
	0629	Deploy solar panels
	0631?	T+46:00? Centaur retro
	0646	PSE boom deploy
	1358?	Pass EL1:4
1973 Nov 3	2145	Near Earth Cal phase imaging
1973 Nov 4	0400?	Flyby Moon at 112000 km
1973 Nov 5	1400	Leave Earth SOI	0.6 x 1.0 AU x 3 deg?
1973 Nov 6		1.4Mkm
1973 Nov 10?		Cruise phase
1973 Nov 14	0041:50	TCM-1, 19.9s 7.78m/s 1.8 kg
	0545	Earth distance 4.0Mkm
1973 Nov 28	1700	Venus distance 77.4Mkm
		Earth distance 8.8 Mkm
		Helio vel 26.736 km/s
1973 Dec 14	0000	Earth dist 14.0Mkm
		Venus dist 54.3 Mkm
1974 Jan 3		Earth dist 21Mkm
		Venus dist 29Mkm
		Helio vel 30.629 km/s
1974 Jan 10		Earth 23.7 Mkm
		Venus 20.9 Mkm
		Vhel 31.764 km/s
1974 Jan 17		Observations of Kohoutek
1974 Jan 21	1914:38	TCM-2, 3.8s 1.37m/s 0.4 kg
1974 Jan 23		Earth 31.7 Mkm
		Venus 9.5 Mkm?
		Vhel 34.191 km/s
1974 Jan 28		RCS prop used during roll cal anomaly
1974 Feb 1		Earth dist 41 Mkm
		Venus dist 2.72Mkm
1974 Feb 3	0800	RE=41.391Mkm etc
1974 Feb 4		0.64Mkm to Venus
		VHel pre enc is 37.015 km/s
1974 Feb 5	1621	Venus near encounter
	1701:50	Venus flyby, 5793 km periapsis 1.96RV
1974 Feb 6	1315	Venus far encounter
		VHel post enc is 32.276 km/s
	1715	Venus range 0.72Mkm
1974 Feb 7	1701	Venus range 1.43Mkm
1974 Feb 13		End of encounter
1974 Feb 19		RE 60.5? Mkm RM 66 Mkm
1974 Mar 16	1154:42	TCM-3 51.1s 17.8m/s 3.9 kg
1974 Mar 23		Mercury 1 far encounter
1974 Mar 24		RM 4.3Mkm
1974 Mar 28	2000?	0.9Mkm from Mercury
1974 Mar 29	0030?	0.2Mkm
1974 Mar 29		In Mercury sphere at 112000 km
1974 Mar 29	0435	Mercury 1 near encounter
	0730	Range 500000 km
	1150	Range 335000 km
	1435	Range 230000 km
	1600	179100 km
1974 Mar 29	2046:38	Mercury 1, 703 km 1.29RH
1974 Mar 30	0500	310000 km outbound
	1200	575000 km
	1430	1.1Mkm
1974 Mar 30	2336	Mercury 1, end near encounter
1974 Mar 31	1900	1.73 Mkm
1974 Apr 1	1900	2.60 Mkm to Mercury
1974 Apr 8		LGA to extended mission config
1974 Apr 12		Mercury 1, end far encounter
1974 May 9	2005:00	TCM-4A, 195s, 50m/s
1974 May 10	2005:40	TCM-4B, 139s, 27.6m/s
1974 Jun 7		RE 260M, RSun 108Mkm, Vhel 32 km/s
1974 Jul 2	2009	TCM-5 19s, 3.32m/s
1974 Sep 20		Mercury 2 encounter
1974 Sep 21	1939	Range 76000 km
1974 Sep 21	2059	Mercury 2, 47000 km at 40S 20.27RH
1974 Sep 23		End encounter
1974 Oct 30	2152	TCM-6 83s
1975 Feb 13	2156	TCM-7 12s
1975 Mar 6	1855	TCM-8, 3s avoidance
1975 Mar 16		Mercury 3 encounter
1975 Mar 16	2239:24	Mercury 3, 327 km 70N 1.13RH
1975 Mar 17		End encounter
1975 Mar 24		End of tx

Payload:

• TV cameras, vidicon with 1.5m aperture, x2

• Electrostatic analyser

• Electron spectrometer

• EUV spectrometer

• Occultation spectrometer

• IR radiometer, 8-14 mu, 34-55mu with 0.025m refracting telescopes.

• X-band transmitter (Radio science)

• S-band transmitter

• Triaxial fluxgate magnetometer

Explorer 3

  1958-003

---

Explorer III was launched on 1958 Mar 26 by Juno I from Cape Canaveral It achieved a 186 x 2800 km x 33 deg orbit, much more eccentric than the planned 351 x 2043 km x 34.1 deg one. Transmissions were interrupted on May 10 and at the time it was thought this was due to Eta Aquarid micrometeor impacts. Explorer III reentered on 1958 Jun 28.

Explorer III
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1958 Mar 26	1738:03	Launch by Juno I
	1740	Redstone cutoff T+2:35
	1740	Redstone sep T+2:40
	1744	Stage 2 burn T+6:36
		Stage 2 cutoff T+6:44	-5000 x 352
	1745	Stage 3 burn T+6:44
		Stage 3 cutoff T+6:52	-3510 x 351
	1745	Stage 4 burn T+6:52
	1745	Stage 4 cutoff T+7:00	195 x 2810 x 33.4
	1749	T+11:54 Stage 1 impact range 1433 km
	1750	T+12:36 Stage 2 impact range 2081 km
	1752	T+14:15 Stage 3 impact range 3142 km
1958 May 10		Transmitters failed
1958 May 15		Low power transmitter back on
1958 May 15?		Low power transmitter failed
1958 Jun 28		Reentry

Payload:

• Cosmic ray package, Geiger counter

• Erosion gauge micrometeorite detector