Spaceflight: January 2000

 https://welib.org/md5/e5a562c438b209308ed66ffffa21e138

Navstar 39

 1993-042A

---

Navstar SVN 39 was launched on 1993 Jun 26 by Delta II, and given the codename USA 92 and PRN 9.

Navstar 39
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1993 Jun 26	1327:00	Launch by Delta 7925	CC LC17B
		T+0:56 SRM 1-3,7-9 out
		T+1:01 SRM 4-6 on
		T+1:02 SRM 1-3 sep
		T+1:03 SRM 7-9 sep
		T+1:57 SRM 4-6 off
		T+2:02 SRM 4-6 sep
		T+4:25 MECO
		T+4:31 VECO
		T+4:33 Stage 1 sep
	1331	Stage 2 TIG (T+4:38)
	1331	Shroud sep (T+4:50)
	1336?	T+9? Delta SECO-1	185 x 185 x 34.0
	1347?	T+20? Delta SES-2
	1347?	T+20? Delta SECO-2	185 x
	1348?	Delta/PMG sep from GPS/PAM-D
	1349?	T+22? TES
	1351?	T+24? TECO
	1352?	T+25? PAM-D sep	356.63 183 x 20377 x 34.8
	1352:50	T+25:50 Delta depletion	95.27 193 x 869 x 25.7
1993 Jun 29	0355?	Star 37XFP burn
1993 Jul 10			717.19 20086 x 20239 x 54.76
1993 Jul 20		In service
1998 Aug 1		Operating at slot A-1

Progress M-40

 1998-062A

---

Spacecraft 239, Progress M-40, was launched on 1998 Oct 25 by Soyuz-U No. 660.

Energiya's 25-m Znamya sail will deploy from Progress, while Mir crew will use TORU to point the sail. The plans for future applications include solar sails, power satellites, wake shields, meteor shields, solar reflectors, antennas, and telescopes.

Progress M-40
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1998 Oct 25	0414:57	Launch
	0423:46	Blok-I sep
	0750:50	TCM1 46.1s 19m/s
	0841:30	TCM2 26s 11m/s
1998 Oct 26	0514:29	TCM3 1.7s 0.7m/s
1998 Oct 27	0336:03	TCM4 57s 23m/s
	0419:45	TCM5 54s 22m/s
	0543:41	Docked Kvant
1999 Feb 4	0959:32	Undock Kvant
		Station at 800m
	1134	Deploy attempt 1 from Znamya
	1354	Distance 4 km
	1425	Deploy attempt 2, Mir distance 2 km
1999 Feb 5	1016	Deorbit
	1110	Reentry over Pacific

People: February 21,2000

 https://welib.org/md5/014bc3fae165fc3dd3cc54034915e09f

Gambit-3 23

  1969-074A

---

KH-8 23 was launched on 1969 Aug 23 by Titan 3B Agena D from Vandenberg. The flight lasted 16 days. At least 4 orbit raising burns were made, keeping apogee between 350 and 400 km. This was the first Block II mission with two SRVs and the KH-8B camera system. The Block II vehicles also carried an extra battery to extend mission life to 14 days and the RACS was improved.

KH-8 23
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1969 Aug 23	1600	Launch by Titan IIIB Agena D	V SLC4W
	1602?	Titan stage 1 sep
	1605?	Titan stage 2 sep
	1605?	Agena burn
	1610?	Agena MECO
1969 Aug 23	1958		89.55 130 x 373 x 108.0
1969 Aug 24	1652		89.47 131 x 365 x 108.0
		Raise apo
1969 Aug 25	1049		89.67 131 x 384 x 108.0
1969 Aug 29	2348		89.33 130 x 352 x 108.0
		Raise apo
1969 Aug 30	1615		89.51 132 x 368 x 108.0
1969 Sep 1	0231		89.27 129 x 348 x 108.0
		Raise apo
1969 Sep 2	0224		89.81 128 x 401 x 108.0
1969 Sep 2	1924?	SRV-1 fiducial
	1929?	Entry
	1955?	Recovered
1969 Sep 6	0030		89.35 128 x 356 x 108.0
		Raise apo
1969 Sep 6	0201		89.74 132 x 390 x 108.0
1969 Sep 6	1230		89.70 131 x 387 x 108.0
1969 Sep 7		Reentered after 16d
	2024?	SRV-2 ejected
	2031?	Reentry
	2100?	SRV-2 recovered
1969 Sep 7	2200?	Deboost

Satcom K2

 1985-109D

---

RCA Americom's Satcom K series used the improved Series 4000 satellite. These Ku-band satellites supplemented RCA's earlier C-band fleet. They required the larger PAM D-2 upper stage to reach GTO. Satcom K-2 was launched first and stationed at 81W. They used the PAM-D2 stage originally designed for launching GPS satellites from the Shuttle.

Satcom K-2
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1985 Nov 28	2157	Satcom deploy from Atlantis
1985 Nov 28	2242	PAM D-2 burn 119s
	2244	PAM D-2 burnout
	2246?	PAM D-2 sep
1985 Nov 29			635.87 384 x 35848 x 26.2
1985 Nov 30	0114	TCM? (Orbit guess to match AKM)	627.11 200 x 35580 x 26.4
1985 Dec 1	1848?	Star 37XFP burn
1985 Dec 1			1410.10 34707 x 35844 x 0.1 GEO 105.7W+6.6E
1985 Dec 4			1434.82 35713 x 35809 x 0.2 GEO 81.7W+0.3E
1985 Dec 8			1436.15 35767 x 35808 x 0.2 GEO 81.0W+0.0W
1986 Jan 18			GEO 80.9W
1987 Oct 28			1436.11 35775 x 35795 x 0.1 GEO 81.0W
1991 Sep 27			1436.11 35779 x 35794 x 0.0 GEO 81.0W
1994 Feb 26			1436.12 35782 x 35792 x 0.0 GEO 81.0W
1996 Oct 26			1436.14 35781 x 35793 x 0.0 GEO 80.9W
1996 Nov 13		Move to 85W
1996 Nov 15		mv in	1436.27 35785 x 35794 x 0.0 GEO 85.0W
1997 Jul 1			1436.12 35769 x 35805 x 0.2 GEO 85.4W
1997 Jul 6		mv out	1434.66 35722 x 35794 x 0.2 GEO 84.4W+0.3E
1997 Jul 30		mv in	GEO 81W
1997 Aug 21			1436.15 35778 x 35796 x 0.3 GEO 81.0W

Nimbus 7

 1978-098A

---

The final Nimbus satellite was Nimbus G, renamed Nimbus 7 on acheiving orbit. Launch by Delta 2910 on 1978 Oct 24 inserted the satellite in a 943 x 953 km x 99.3 deg orbit, from which it operated until it was decommissioned on 1993 Dec 28, over 15 years after launch. This Nimbus included several instruments to study the effects of human pollution of the atmosphere, including the first TOMS (Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer) and the SAM (Stratospheric Aerosol Measurement) experiment.

Nimbus 7
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1978 Oct 24	0815	Launch by Delta 2910	V SLC2W
		T+0:38 SRM 1-3 out
		T+0:39 SRM 4-9 on
		T+1:17 SRM 4-9 out
		T+1:27 SRM 1-9 sep
		T+3:48 MECO
		T+3:55 Thor sep
	0819	T+4:01 SES-1
	0819	T+4:37 Fairing
	0823	T+8:56 SECO-1 166 km
	0911	T+56:38 SES-2 957 km
	0911	T+56:50 SECO-2, at 31 deg S
	0930	T+1:15:40 Delta sep, retro
			943 x 953 x 99.3
	0944	T+1:29:10 Delta tumble
1978 Nov 26			104.05 944 x 956 x 99.3
1989 Nov 1			104.10 945 x 958 x 99.2
1993 Dec 28		end of ops

STS-45 (Atlantis)

 1992-015A

---

STS-45 flew the Atlas-1 Spacelab Earth observation mission, which included UV auroral imaging and SEPAC electron beam tests. ATMOS and GRILLE observed aerosol bands from the Mt Pinatubo eruption.

The vehicle was a little slow at MECO because the flight software ignored an inclination-dependent effect. An OMS-3 burn a couple of hours later raised the orbit, making up the underburn.

STS-45
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1992 Feb 13		Tow to VAB
1992 Feb 13		ET mate	VAB/3
1992 Feb 20		Rollout	LC39A
1992 Mar 24	1312:39	Launch from LC39A
	1314::48	SRB sep
	1321:10	MECO	87.94 37 x 307 x 57.0 (TLE)
	1321:28	ET-44 sep	87.67 17 x 301 x 57.0 (OMS dV)
	1349:59	OMS-2 2:26 77m/s
	1352:25	OMS-2 CO
	1455:07	PLBD open
	1600		90.32 278 x 301 x 57.0
	1603:43	OMS-3 4m/s	90.42 289 x 300 x 57.0
	1603:57	OMS-3 CO
	1740	Atlas 1 activated	90.46 291 x 301 x 57.0
1992 Mar 25			90.46 291 x 301 x 57.0
1992 Mar 29	1200		90.38 288 x 297 x 57.0
1992 Mar 30	1200		90.35 287 x 296 x 57.0
1992 Apr 1	0100?		90.31 285 x 293 x 57.0
1992 Apr 2	0500	Atlas 1 deactivated
	0745	PLBD closed	90.28 283 x 293 x 57.0
	1020:55	OMS DO 3:41 124m/s
	1024:35	OMS cutoff
	1051:49	Entry
	1123:06	Landed RW33 KSC
	1123:14	NGTD
	1124:04	Wheels stop
	1445	Tow to OPF	OPF/1

Luna 20

  1972-007A

---

E-8-5 No. 408 (Luna-20) was launched on 1972 Feb 14. Luna-20 landed near the crater Apollonius C.

Detailed landing times are from declassified US documents.

The return capsule landed in a blizzard, 40 km north of Dzezhkazgan, on an island off the Karkingir river, at 48 00N 67 34E.

Luna-20
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1972 Feb 14	0327:59	Launch by Proton-K	KB
	0330:06	Stage 2 burn
	0330:06	Stage 1 MECO 41 km
	0331:20	T+3:20 Fairing 80 km
		T+5:38 St 2 MECO
		T+5:45 St 3 MES
		T+7:26 Alt. 150 km
		T+9:40 St 3 MECO
	0337:48	T+9:49 Stage 3 sep
	0341:57	T+13:58 Blok D burn
	0343:56	T+15:57 Blok D MECO	151 x 279 x 51.47
	0434	T+1:06:30 SOZ burn
	0437:50	T+1:09:51 MES-2
	0445	Asc node
	0445:40	T+1:17? MECO-2
	0445:40	T+1:17:41 Blok D sep
1972 Feb 15	1128:00	TCM 2.5s 1.25m/s
1972 Feb 18	1208:56	LOI burn 237s
	1212:53	Lunar orbit insertion	117.6 80 x 106 x 64.6
1972 Feb 19	1308:34	TCM 4s Lower perigee	114.2 25 x 100 x 64.1
1972 Feb 21	1913:27	Retro (burn 4:27)
	1917:52	Retro off
	1918:31	Retro burn 2 at 760m
	1918:48	Retro off, verniers on
	1918:55	Landed 56 33 E 3 32 N
	1930?	Drill activated
	2142	Drilling complete
1972 Feb 21	2315	Drill test

Luna-20 VA
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1972 Feb 22	2258:14	Launch, 49s burn
	2259:03	Engine cutoff
1972 Feb 23	1214?	Leave lunar sphere
1972 Feb 25	1640?	Capsule sep, alt. 43511 km
1972 Feb 25	1902:01	Reentry
1972 Feb 25	1912	Landed 48 N 67 34E

Apollo 15 (Falcon)

  1971-063C

---

Lunar Module 10 (Falcon) was the first of the advanced J-class LMs, flown on the Apollo 15 mission.

On Jul 30 Scott reported `Okay, Houston. The Falcon is on the plain at Hadley'. Scott's first steps on the surface came a few hours later, with the words `Okay, Houston. As I stand out here in the wonders of the unknown at Hadley, I sort of realize there's a fundamental truth to our nature. Man must explore. And this is exploration at its greatest.'

Falcon (LM 10)
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1971 Jul 26		Launch by Saturn V (SA-510)	KSC LC39A
	1752	Extracted from S-4B-510 by CSM 112
	2300	First power up
1971 Jul 30		Crew entry
	1813:30	Undocked from CSM
	2000		15.7 x 112.2
	2204:09	PDI 12:20
	2211	Fly 3000m over Apennine front
	2213:33?	High gate
	2216:29	Landed at Hadley Base
1971 Jul 31	0015	Begin depress
1971 Jul 31	0016:49	SEVA
	0017	LM top hatch open
	0021	Drogue removed
	0022	CDR partially out of hatch
		Cdr panoramic photography
	0046	CDR ingress
	0048	Drogue reinstalled
	0048	Internal hatch closed (HC)
	0049:49	End of SEVA; repress
	1313:17	LEVA-1 depress
	1315:11	Hatch open
	1326	CDR egress
	1327	Jettison bag
	1329	CDR on surface
	1336	LMP egress
	1337	LMP on surface
	1351	Deploying LRV
	1400	Deploy LRV
	1409	First motion LRV
		Traverse to St George crater
	1730	Return to LM vicinity
	1746	Unload ALSEP from LM
		Attach packages 1 and 2 to carry bar
	1749	Load Pu fuel element to RTG
	1754	LRRR unloaded
	1804	Deploy ALSEP
	1929	LMP ingress LM, 06:02
	1939	Cdr return to LM, 06:16
	1943:28	Hatch closed
	1945:10	Repress (0.7psi)
	1945:59	Repress 06:34:14 (3.5psi)
1971 Aug 1	1148:48	LEVA 2
	1149	Depress (0.7)
	1152	HO
	1158	CDR egress
	1159	Jettison two LiOH canisters
	1159	Jettison BSLSS bag
	1200	CDR on surface
	1210	LMP egress
	1211	LMP on surface
		Traverse to Spur Crater
	1838	LMP ingress 06:50
	1854	Cdr return, 06:55
	1858	Hatch closed
	1900	Repress 0.5psi
	1901:02	Repress 3.5psi after 07:12:53
1971 Aug 2	0852:14	LEVA-3 (3.5psi)
	0853:00?	Depress to 0.5psi
	0855	HO
	0903	CDR egress to porch
	0904	Jett bag
	0906	CDR on surface
	0907	LMP egress
	0908	LMP on surface
		Traverse to Rima Hadley
	1330	LMP ingress, return after 04:19
	1334	Cdr return after 04:27
	1336	Hatch closed
	1341:20?	Repress (0.5psi)
	1342:04	Repress 04:49:58 (3.5psi)
	1434?	Depress for equipment dump
	1435?	HO
		Eject PLSS x 2 and jett bag
	1438?	HC
	1439?	Repress after 00:05?
	1446?	Repress complete

Falcon
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1971 Aug 2	1711:23	Launch from LM 10 DS, Hadley Base
	1718:38	LOI	17 x 79
	1803:39	TPI	71 x 119
	1845	At 1 km
	1849	Stationkeep at 40m
		Inspect SIM bay
	1909	Soft dock
	1909:47	Docked with CSM 112	99.6 x 118.7
	1910	Hard dock
	1931?	Hatch open
		Crew transfer to CSM 112
	2215?	Hatch close
	2300	Tunnel not fully venting
	2322	HO to LM again; check seals
	2329	HC to LM
1971 Aug 3	0104:14	Undocked from CSM 112
			96.6 x 119.1
	0238:19	Deorbit 61.3 m/s
	0239:43	DO CO	-85 x 128 x 130
			Post burn mass 2410 kg, alt 114 km
	0303:36	Impact Palus Putredinus, 26.327N 0.267E	-74 x 135 x 151.4

Soyuz 12

  1973-067A

---

Following the successful unpiloted test flight of 7K-T No. 36, the mission was repeated with a crew on board using 7K-T No. 37. Spacecraft 37 was named Soyuz-12. Soyuz-12's commander was Vasiliy Lazarev, and the flight engineer was Oleg Makarov.

Soyuz-12
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1973 Sep 27	1218:16	Launch by Soyuz 11A511	KB
	1220	Blok BVGD sep
	1223	Blok A sep
	1227	Blok I MECO
	1227	Blok-I sep
	1510		88.59 181 x 229 x 51.75
		Rev 5 burn
	1930		91.24 327 x 344 x 51.58
1973 Sep 28	0900		91.24 329 x 342 x 51.68
		Rendezvous tests
		Manual control DU burn test
			91.12 307 x 348 x 51.58
	1815		91.12 312 x 348 x 51.58
1973 Sep 29	0840?	BO jettison?
	1047?	Retrofire
	1050?	DO CO
	1104?	PAO sep
	1110?	Entry
	1133:48	Landed 400 km SW of Karaganda

STS-57 (Endeavour)

 1993-037A

---

STS-57 saw retrieval of the EURECA satellite, operation of experiments in the first SPACEHAB module, and a training spacewalk.

Spacehab experiments included the Bioserve Pilot Lab, the Liquid Encapsulated Melt Zone experiment, an experimental environmental control system, and an animal enclosure module.

Middeck experiments included FARE, which was used to test fluid transfer in free fall. The SHOOT experiment on an MPESS tested transfer of superfluid helium. SHOOT was cooled down around 0330 on Jun 22; however, one of the two dewars leaked its He. On Jun 22 and 23 some curtailed tests transferring He between the dewars were successfully conducted.

At 1312 on Jun 25 Low and Wisoff opened the airlock hatch in the Spacelab Tunnel Adapter and emerged into the bay. This was the first time the Adapter hatch had been used for a spacewalk; it has been carried on every mission with a Spacelab or Spacehab module in case an emergency EVA was needed. Low moved on to the RMS foot restraint; from 1430 to 1530 the loose antenna on Eureca was latched manually, and then the remainder of the EVA was devoted to the DTO-1210 training operations. They returned to the airlock at 1839, closing the thermal cover at 1846 and latching the hatch four minutes later. Repressurization of the airlock began at 1857.

Landing attempts on Jun 29 and Jun 30 were waved off, but finally on Jul 1 OV-105 fired its engines to drop from orbit. As on STS-50, the reentry saw numerous RCS firings due to buffeting between Mach 22 and Mach 18 due to density shear. Endeavour landed on RW33 at KSC at 1252.

STS-57
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1993 Mar 24		Tow to VAB
1993 Mar 24		ET mate	VAB
1993 Apr 28		Rollout	LC39B
1993 Jun 21	1307:22	Launch from LC39B
	1309:27	SRB sep
	1315:56	MECO	89.84 66 x 466 x 28.5
	1316:14	ET Sep
	1349:36	OMS 2 3:17 96m/s	93.23 397 x 466 x 28.5
	1352:53	OMS 2 CO
	1440	PBD Open
	1526	RMS active
	1641	Spacehab crew entry
	1828s	NC1 RCS 2m/s	93.29 404 x 467 x 28.46
1993 Jun 22	1136:01	SH1 burn RCS 14s 1m/s	93.29 403 x 467 x 28.5
	1328	RMS checkout
	1456		93.35 409 x 468 x 28.5
	1749	NC2 RCS	93.35 408 x 468 x 28.5
1993 Jun 23	1014:51	SH2 20s 1m/s	93.40 409 x 472 x 28.5
	1229:58	SH3 20s 1m/s	93.44 413 x 472 x 28.5
	1707:58	NC3 OMS 3L	94.03 467 x 475 x 28.5
	1709:06	OMS 3 CO
1993 Jun 24	0011		94.03 467 x 475 x 28.46
	0810	NSR 1m/s
	1029	NC4 2m/s
	1040	Null RCS, 0.3m/s
	1056	NCC, 1m/s
	1129	TI, 1m/s
	1202	MC1
	1222	MC2
	1232	MC3
	1242	MC4
	1315	Braking
			94.17 474 x 482 x 28.46
	1353:25	RMS grapple Eureca	94.17 474 x 481 x 28.5
	1625	RMS high hover with Eureca
	1644:32	RMS berth Eureca
1993 Jun 25	0308		94.15 472 x 481 x 28.5
	0808:56	OMS-4 lower orbit	93.25 392 x 474 x 28.5
	0808:48	OMS-4 CO
	1243	EVA depress start
	1302:38	EVA depress complete (STSMR)
	1312	SL Transfer Adapter airlock hatch open
		EURECA antenna latched
		DTO 1210 experiments
	1856:42	EVA repress start
	1910?	RMS stowed
1993 Jun 26			93.24 391 x 474 x 28.5
1993 Jun 28			93.23 391 x 473 x 28.5
1993 Jun 29	0901	PLBD closed
		Deorbit waveoff, WX
	1359	PLBD open
1993 Jun 30	0809	PLBD closed
		Deorbit waveoff, WX
	1226	PLBD open	93.22 390 x 473 x 28.46
1993 Jul 1	0915	PLBD closed
	1141:42	OMS deorbit (4:15) 124 m/s
	1145:56	OMS DO CO
	1221:12	Entry interface
	1252:16	Landed RW33 KSC
	1252:26	Drag chute deploy
	1252:34	NGTD
	1252:02	Chute sep
	1253:23	Wheels stop
	1645	Tow to OPF	OPF/1

---

STS-57 crew

---

• Commander Ronald J. Grabe, Col USAF

• Pilot Brian Duffy, Col USAF

• Payload Commander G. David Low, NASA

• Mission Specialist Nancy J. Sherlock, Capt. USA

• Mission Specialist Peter J. K. Wisoff, Ph.D., NASA

• Mission Specialist Janice Voss, Ph.D., NASA

Mars 1

  1962-061A

---

The Avtomaticheskaya Mezhplanetaya Stantsiya `Mars' (Automatic Interplanetary Station `Mars', later known as Mars-1) was launched on 1962 Nov 1. Shortly after reaching solar orbit, the nitrogen for attitude control leaked out and the spacecraft lost orientation capability. Communications with the low gain antenna were possible but the mission was essentially over. It transmitted until Mar 1963 and missed Mars by 193000 km in Jun 1963. The OKB-1 designation of the probe was 2MV-4 No. 2.

Mars 1
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1962 Nov 1	1614:16	Launch by 8K78	KB
	1619	Blok-A sep
	1619	Blok-I burn
	1623	Blok-I sep	157 x 201 x 65.1
	1714?	BOZ burn
	1715?	Blok-L burn
	1719?	Blok-L cutoff, solar orbit
1963 Mar 21		End of transmissions
1963 Jun 19		Mars flyby, 193000 km

Payload:

• Cameras

• Micrometeorite detector

• IR spectrometer

• UV spectrometer

• Magnetometer

Kosmos 810

  1976-028A 

---

Kosmos-810
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1976 Mar 26	1500	Launch by Soyuz-U	Plesetsk
	1504	Blok-I burn
	1508	Blok-I sep
1976 Mar 27			89.65 176 x 337 x 62.8
1976 Mar 28		Lower orbit	89.36 169 x 317 x 62.8
1976 Apr 3			89.18 167 x 301 x 62.8
1976 Apr 3			89.46 167 x 327 x 62.8
1976 Apr 5			89.26 165 x 310 x 62.8
1976 Apr 6	0830?	Engine sep
1976 Apr 7			89.19 165 x 303 x 62.8
1976 Apr 8
	0621?	Deorbit
	0631?	PO sep
	0635?	Entry
	0652?	Landed

Salyut 6

 1977-097A

---

DOS 5 (17K No. 125) was the first of the advanced DOS stations with two docking ports. It was launched on 1977 Sep 29 by a three stage Proton-K, and named Salyut-6.

The first visit to DOS 5 was a failure when Soyuz-25 could not dock with the -X (forward) port. Soyuz-26 docked at the rear, +X, port with the first crew, Romanenko and Grechko. Grechko made a spacewalk on Dec 19 to verify that the -X port was undamaged. Romanenko floated out the hatch briefly during this spacewalk, which was the first Soviet EVA since 1969.

In January 1978 the first visiting crew of Dzhanibekov and Makarov docked with the -X port in Soyuz-27 and brought Soyuz-26 back to Earth, leaving the long stay crew with a fresh transport ship and freeing up the +X port for the docking of Progress-1, the first automated cargo supply ship, the following week. A second visiting crew in March on Soyuz-28 featured the first 'guest cosmonaut', Vladimir Remek of Czechoslovakia. This visit didn't involve a ship exchange; Romanenko and Grechko returned to Earth in Soyuz-27 shortly after the Soyuz-28 crew landed. Their record setting mission demonstrated key space station operations of resupply and crew exchange, laying the groundwork for the DOS 8 (Mir) permanent occupations.

The station remained unoccupied until June when the EO-2 crew reached it aboard Soyuz-29. A Polish guest cosmonaut made an 8-day visit on Soyuz-30 two weeks later, accompanied by Russian commander Pyotr Klimuk. The aft port was vacant for only 4 days before being occupied by a second Progress cargo ship. Engineer Ivanchenkov made a spacewalk on Jul 29 to expose and retrieve experiment samples, with Commander Kovalyonok supporting from the open hatch. Progress-3 then brought more supplies in early August, followed by a new visiting crew aboard Soyuz-31. East German astronaut Sigmund Jahn and Russian commander Valeriy Bykovskiy carried out experiments and returned to Earth aboard Soyuz-29 on Sep 3, leaving their fresh ship at the rear port. On Sep 7 the EO-2 crew demonstrated a new manuever, undocking from Salyut aboard Soyuz 31 and backing off while controllers flipped Salyut end-to-end; they reapproached and docked with the front port. The rear port had to be kept free for Progress craft, since refuelling could only be done from that end. The flight took 29 minutes. After one more Progress resupply flight, the EO-2 crew landed in Soyuz-31 on Nov 2.

In Feb 1979 the EO-3 crew of Lyakhov and Ryumin docked at the front port in Soyuz-32 followed in March by Progress-5 at the rear port. On 1979 Mar 16 the ODU engine cover failed to open before an engine burn, and the cover was burnt through. Attempts to repair the ODU over the following week were unsuccessful. After undocking of the Progress, Soyuz-33 was launched with a Bulgarian astronaut aboard and Nikolai Rukavishnikov as commander, the first civilian to command a Soviet mission. However, an engine problem caused Soyuz-33 to miss its rendezvous, leaving the EO-3 crew with a transport ship nearing its sell-by date. After the Progress-6 resupply mission in May, Soyuz-34 was launched with no crew aboard and made an automatic docking on Jun 8. The aging Soyuz-32 was then recovered empty on Jun 13, and on Jun 14 the EO-3 crew flew Soyuz-34 round to the front port, later landing it safely on Aug 19. Progress-7 in July delivered the KRT-10 radio astronomy experiment which was left mounted in the rear port when the Progress undocked. However attempts to jettison it failed when it caught on the aft structure, and Ryumin made a spacewalk on Aug 15 to free it.

In Dec 1979 the automated Soyuz T spaceship made a test flight in which it docked to Salyut-6 and remained attached until Mar 1980 when it returned to Earth.

Later in Mar 1980 Progress-8 docked to the empty station in preparation for a new expedition. This was the first time a Progress had been sent while a crew was not aboard. On 1980 Apr 10 Soyuz-35 docked bringing with it the EO-4 crew of Leonid Popov and (once again) Valeriy Ryumin. Progress-9 brought more supplies at the end of April, and Soyuz-36 visited in May with civilian commander Valeriy Kubasov and Hungarian astronaut Bertalan Farkas, who exchanged ships and returned in Soyuz-35. Soyuz T-2, the first crewed test flight of the Soyuz T, docked in June for a brief visit. Progress-10 in July was followed by Soyuz-37 carrying Vietnamese astronaut Pham Tuan, a propaganda coup during the 1980 Olympics. They returned to Earth in Soyuz-36 leaving the EO-4 crew to do another docking port swap in Soyuz-37. On Sep 19 Soyuz-38 arrived with the first astronaut of African descent, Arnaldo Tamayo Mendez of Cuba. On Sep 30, after the return of Soyuz-38, Progress-11 docked with the station, while Soyuz-37 returned the EO-4 crew to Earth on Oct 11.

The DOS station remained in orbit with Progress-11 attached. The next visitor was Soyuz T-3 in November, the first use of a Soyuz T for a primary expedition and the first three-person crew since the Soyuz-11 accident. The EO-5 visit was brief and Soyuz T-3 returned to Earth in December just after Progress-11 was jettisoned.

In Jan 1981 Progress-12 docked with the station and was used to raise its orbit. Soyuz T-4 delivered the EO-6 crew in March and they were visited by two guest crews in old-style Soyuz ships: Soyuz-39 in March with a Mongolian and Soyuz-40 in May with a Rumanian. EO-6 crew returned to earth on May 26 ending the human occupation of the DOS-5 station.

On 1981 Jun 19 the experimental TKS spaceship Kosmos-1267 docked at the forward port. It remained there until the complex was deorbited a year later.

Salyut-6 (DOS 5)
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1977 Sep 29	0650:00	Launch by Proton	KB
	0659	Stage 3 MECO
	0659	Stage 3 sep
	0700?	Instrument cover sep
			219 x 275 x 51.6
1977 Oct 1			214 x 260 x 51.6 from 214 x 253
1977 Oct 3		ODU engine orbit raise	229 x 351 x 51.6 from 211 x 258
1977 Oct 7		ODU engine orbit raise	340 x 349 x 51.6 from 229 x 348
1977 Oct 10		Rendezvous by Soyuz-25
		Soyuz-25 failed docking at -X	341 x 348 x 51.6
1977 Nov 28		ODU raise orbit	340 x 354 x 51.6 from 332 x 339 x 51.6
1977 Dec 11	0302	Soyuz-26 docked at +X	337 x 354 x 51.6
		Crew entry:
		EO-1 Kdr, Yuriy Romanenko
		EO-1 BI, Georgiy Grechko
1977 Dec 19	2136	EO-1 EVA-1 (Kdr, BI 01:28)
		BI went EVA to inspect -X port
		Kdr assisting in SEVA (0:20)
		Ingress after 20min
		Hatch closed
	2304	Repress
1977 Dec 22		97D cataloged
1977 Dec 27		97E-H cataloged
1978 Jan 11	1406	Soyuz-27 docked at -X	330 x 352 x 51.6
		Crew entry (EP1)
		EP-1 Kdr, Vladimir Dzhanibekov
		EP-1 BI, Oleg Makarov
1978 Jan 15		Soyuz-26 test burn
1978 Jan 16		EP-1 crew to Soyuz-26
		Soyuz-26 undocked +X	329 x 350 x 51.6
1978 Jan		97J,K,L cataloged
1978 Jan 22	1012:14	Progress-1 docked at +X	328 x 349 x 51.6
1978 Feb 5			320 x 346 x 51.6 from 327 x 345
1978 Feb 6	0553	Progress-1 undocked -X
		Progress-1 re-rendezvous
		Progress-1 sep burn
1978 Feb 22?		97M,N,P cataloged
1978 Feb 23			335 x 356 x 51.6 from 325 x 340
1978 Mar 3	1710	Soyuz-28 docked at +X	334 x 353 x 51.6
		EP-2 crew entry:
		EP-2 Kdr, Aleksey Gubarev
		EP-2 KI, Vladimir Remek
1978 Mar 9		Soyuz-28 test burn
1978 Mar 10		EP-2 crew to Soyuz-28
		Soyuz-28 undocked from +X	338 x 350 x 51.6
1978 Mar 15		Soyuz-27 test burn
1978 Mar 16		EO-1 crew to Soyuz-27
		Soyuz-27 undocked from -X	333 x 348 x 51.6
1978 Mar 16?		97Q,R,S cataloged
1978 Mar 31		97T cataloged
1978 May 16			309 x 323 x 51.6
		Orbit raise	321 x 362 x 51.6
1978 Jun 11			313 x 355 x 51.6
		Orbit raise	340 x 357 x 51.6
1978 Jun 16	2158	Soyuz-29 docked at -X	339 x 355 x 51.6
		EO-2 crew entry:
		EO-2 Kdr, Vladimir Kovalyonok
		EO-2 BI, Aleksandr Ivanchenkov
1978 Jun 22		Orbit trim
1978 Jun 28	1708	Soyuz-30 docked at +X	334 x 343 x 51.6
1978 Jun 29		EP-3 crew entry
		EP-3 Kdr, Pyotr Klimuk
		EP-3 KI, Miroslaw Hermaszewski
1978 Jul 5		EP-3 crew to Soyuz-30
	1015	Soyuz-30 undocked from +X	332 x 340 x 51.6
1978 Jul 9	1258:59	Progress-2 docked at +X	331 x 338 x 51.6
1978 Jul 29	0400	EO-2 EVA-1
		BI EVA to expose, retrieve samples; Kdr SEVA
	0605	Hatch closed (official)
	0620	Hatch closed (actual)
1978 Aug 2	0457	Progress-2 undocked from +X	324 x 332 x 51.6
1978 Aug 5			326 x 330 x 51.6
		ODU burn	327 x 357 x 51.6
1978 Aug 10	0000	Progress-3 docked at +X	327 x 355 x 51.6
1978 Aug 17			326 x 353 x 51.6
		Orbit trim, P3	339 x 352 x 51.6
1978 Aug 21		Progress-3 undocked from +X	335 x 352 x 51.6
1978 Aug 27	1637	Soyuz-31 docked at +X	338 x 355 x 51.6
		EP-4 crew entry
		EP-4 Kdr, Valeriy Bykovskiy
		EP-4 KI, Sigmund Jahn
1978 Sep 2		Soyuz-29 test burn
1978 Sep 3		EP-4 crew to Soyuz-29
		Soyuz-29 undocked -X	335 x 352 x 51.6
1978 Sep 7		EO-2 crew to Soyuz-31
	1153	Soyuz-31 undocked +X
	1222	Soyuz-31 docked -X
		EO-2 crew to Salyut-6
1978 Sep 21?		97U to Y cataloged
1978 Oct 6	0100	Progress-4 docked at +X	322 x 340 x 51.6
1978 Oct 7			324 x 348 x 51.6
1978 Oct 20			321 x 341 x 51.6
		Orbit raise (P4)	359 x 362 x 51.6
1978 Oct 24	1307	Progress-4 undocked from +X	358 x 360 x 51.6
1978 Nov 1		97Z to AG cataloged
1978 Nov 2	0435	EO-2 crew to Soyuz-31
	0746	Soyuz-31 undocked from -X
1979 Feb 22			299 x 318 x 51.6
		Orbit trim	302 x 313 x 51.6
1979 Feb 26	1330	Soyuz-32 docked at -X	296 x 309 x 51.6
		EO-3 crew entry
		EO-3 Kdr, Vladimir Lyakhov
		EO-3 BI, Valeriy Ryumin
1979 Mar 1			295 x 305 x 51.6
		Orbit raise (S32)	306 x 334 x 51.6
1979 Mar 14		Progress-5 docked at +X	295 x 324 x 51.6
1979 Mar 16		ODU firing, cover burnthrough
1979 Mar 31			277 x 306 x 51.6
		Orbit raise (P5)	278 x 340 x 51.6
1979 Apr 3		Orbit raise (P5)	334 x 348 x 51.6
1979 Apr 3	1610	Progress-5 undocked from +X	333 x 349 x 51.6
1979 Apr 6			333 x 346 x 51.6
		Orbit trim, S32	340 x 359 x 51.6
1979 Apr 11		Soyuz-33 flyby	338 x 355 x 51.6
1979 Apr 20		97AH-AM cataloged
1979 Apr 27		97AN cataloged
1979 May 15	0619	Progress-6 docked at +X	324 x 339 x 51.6
1979 May 22			322 x 337 x 51.6
		Orbit trim, P6	333 x 340 x 51.6
1979 Jun 4			328 x 337 x 51.6
		Orbit trim, P6	328 x 353 x 51.6
1979 Jun 5		Orbit raise, P6	358 x 371 x 51.6
1979 Jun 8	0800	Progress-6 undocked +X
	2002	Soyuz-34 docked at +X	351 x 363 x 51.6
1979 Jun 13	0951	Soyuz-32 undocked from -X	356 x 366 x 51.6
1979 Jun 14		EO-3 crew to Soyuz-34
	1618	Soyuz-34 undocked from +X
		Soyuz-34 docked at -X	357 x 361 x 51.6
		EO-3 crew to Salyut
1979 Jun 29		97AP to At cataloged
1979 Jun 30	1118	Progress-7 docked at +X	353 x 360 x 51.6
1979 Jul 4			352 x 360 x 51.6
1979 Jul 4		Orbit raise, P7	395 x 406 x 51.6
1979 Jul 18	0350	Progress-7 undocked from +X	394 x 405 x 51.6
	0350	KRT-10 telescope deployed at +X
1979 Jul 28		97AU-BA cataloged
1979 Aug 6		97BB cataloged
1979 Aug 9		KRT-10 jettison from +X, fouled on antenna
		Small burn, failed to dislodge KRT-10
1979 Aug 15	1416	EO-3 EVA-1
		BI EVA to free and jettison KRT-10
		Kdr SEVA
		97BC to BF cataloged
	1539	Repress
1979 Aug 16		Orbit trim, S34	386 x 411 x 51.6
1979 Aug 19		EO-3 crew to Soyuz-34
	0908	Soyuz-34 undocked -X	384 x 393 x 51.6
1979 Aug 21		97 BG to BL cataloged
1979 Sep 5		97BN cataloged
1979 Oct 4		97BP cataloged
1979 Oct 10		97BQ cataloged
1979 Dec 19	1405	Soyuz T docked at -X	341 x 345 x 51.6
1979 Dec 25			340 x 346 x 51.6
		Orbit raise, Soyuz T	365 x 378 x 51.6
1980 Mar 22			336 x 345 x 51.6
		Orbit trim	344 x 347 x 51.6
1980 Mar 23	2104	Soyuz T undocked -X	344 x 347 x 51.6
1980 Mar 29	2001	Progress-8 docked at +X	340 x 344 x 51.6
1980 Mar 30		Orbit trim
1980 Apr 3			338 x 342 x 51.6
		Orbit trim, P8	342 x 355 x 51.6
1980 Apr 10	1516	Soyuz-35 docked at -X	336 x 348 x 51.6
		EO-4 crew entry
		EO-4 KI, Leonid Popov
		EO-4 BI, Valeriy Ryumin
1980 Apr 24			330 x 341 x 51.6
	1751	Orbit raise, P8	342 x 355 x 51.6
1980 Apr 25	0654	Progress-8 undocked from +X	334 x 363 x 51.6
1980 Apr 29	0809	Progress-9 docked at +X	333 x 361 x 51.6
1980 May 11			326 x 355 x 51.6
		Orbit tweak, P9	327 x 356 x 51.6
1980 May 16			326 x 355 x 51.6
	2130	Orbit trim	342 x 352 x 51.6
1980 May 20	1851	Progress-9 undocked from +X	339 x 362 x 51.6
1980 May 22			338 x 361 x 51.6
		Orbit trim?	335 x 357 x 51.6
1980 May 27	2005	Soyuz-36 docked at +X	334 x 355 x 51.6
1980 May 27		EP-6 crew entry
		EP-6 Kdr, Valeriy Kubasov
		EP-6 KI, Bertalan Farkas
1980 May 29			334 x 355 x 51.6
		Orbit trim, S36	338 x 353 x 51.6
1980 Jun 2			334 x 354 x 51.6
		Orbit trim, S36	336 x 352 x 51.6
1980 Jun 3		EP crew to Soyuz-35
	1147	Soyuz-35 undocked from -X	335 x 352 x 51.6
1980 Jun 4		EO-4 crew to Soyuz-36
	1638	Soyuz-36 undocked from +X	335 x 352 x 51.6
	1809	Soyuz-36 docked at -X
		EO-4 crew to Salyut
1980 Jun 6	1558	Soyuz T-2 docked at +X	333 x 349 x 51.6
		EP-7 crew entry
		EP-7 Kdr, Yuriy Malyshev
		EP-7 BI, Vladimir Aksyonov
1980 Jun 8			331 x 349 x 51.6
		Orbit tweak	332 x 350 x 51.6
1980 Jun 9		EP-7 crew to Soyuz T-2
	0925	Soyuz T-2 undocked from +X	335 x 348 x 51.6
1980 Jul 1	0553	Progress-10 docked at +X	327 x 341 x 51.6
1980 Jul 15		97BT cataloged
1980 Jul 17			318 x 334 x 51.6
		Orbit trim, P10	326 x 342 x 51.6
1980 Jul 17	0221	Progress-10 undocked from +X
1980 Jul 18			327 x 338 x 51.6
			326 x 340 x 51.6
1980 Jul 21			326 x 339 x 51.6
			338 x 352 x 51.6
1980 Jul 24	2002	Soyuz-37 docked at +X	336 x 351 x 51.6
		EP-8 crew entry
		EP-8 Kdr, Viktor Gorbatko
		EP-8 KI, Pham Tuan
1980 Jul 31		EP-8 crew to Soyuz-36
1980 Jul 31	1155	Soyuz-36 undocked from -X	335 x 349 x 51.6
1980 Aug 1		EO-4 crew to Soyuz-37
	1643	Soyuz-37 undocked from +X
	1820	Soyuz-37 docked at -X	334 x 348 x 51.6
		EO-4 crew to Salyut
1980 Aug 15		97BU to BZ cataloged
1980 Aug 22		97CA,CB cataloged
1980 Sep 4			323 x 338 x 51.6
		Orbit raise, S37	337 x 350 x 51.6
		97CC-CF cataloged
1980 Sep 9		97CG to CM cataloged
1980 Sep 16			333 x 345 x 51.6
		Orbit trim, reserve ODU	338 x 352 x 51.6
1980 Sep 19	2049	Soyuz-38 docked at +X
		EP-9 crew entry
		EP-9 Kdr, Yuriy Romanenko
		EP-9 KI, Arnaldo Tamayo Mendez
1980 Sep 25		Soyuz-38 test burn
1980 Sep 26		EP-9 crew to Soyuz-38
	1234	Soyuz-38 undocked from +X	334 x 341 x 51.6
1980 Sep 30	1703	Progress-11 docked at +X	332 x 339 x 51.6
1980 Oct 8			328 x 355 x 51.6
		Orbit lower, P11	321 x 334 x 51.6
1980 Oct 10		Soyuz-37 test burn
1980 Oct 11		EO-4 crew to Soyuz-37
	0630	Soyuz-37 undocked from -X	318 x 332 x 51.6
1980 Nov 2			303 x 318 x 51.6
			301 x 311 x 51.6
1980 Nov 17			286 x 295 x 51.6
		Orbit trim, P11	297 x 311 x 51.6
1980 Nov 28	1554	Soyuz T-3 docked at -X	285 x 298 x 51.6
		EO-5 crew entry
		EO-5 Kdr, Leonid Kizim
		EO-5 BI, Oleg Makarov
		EO-5 KI, Gennadiy Strekalov
1980 Dec 8			278 x 287 x 51.6
		Orbit raise, P11	287 x 353 x 51.6
1980 Dec 9	1023	Progress-11 undocked +X	284 x 355 x 51.6
1980 Dec 10		EO-5 crew to Soyuz T-3
	0610	Soyuz T-3 undocked -X	286 x 352 x 51.6
1980 Dec 11			283 x 351 x 51.6
1980 Dec 11		Orbit trim	284 x 357 x 51.6
1980 Dec 12		Orbit raise	316 x 355 x 51.6
1981 Jan 26	1556	Progress-12 docked at +X	295 x 321 x 51.6
1981 Jan 28			293 x 319 x 51.6
	1700	Orbit raise, P12	291 x 355 x 51.6
1981 Jan 30			293 x 352 x 51.6
		Orbit raise, P12	348 x 360 x 51.6
1981 Mar 2			339 x 348 x 51.6
		Orbit trim, P12	343 x 356 x 51.6
1981 Mar 13	2033	Soyuz T-4 docked at -X	338 x 350 x 51.6
		EO-6 crew entry,
		EO-6 Kdr, Vladimir Kovalyonok
		EO-6 BI, Viktor Savinykh
1981 Mar 17			337 x 348 x 51.6
		Orbit trim, P12	339 x 353 x 51.6
1981 Mar 19	1814	Progress-12 undocked +X	338 x 352 x 51.6
1981 Mar 23	1628	Soyuz-39 docked +X	336 x 350 x 51.6
1981 Mar 23		EP-10 crew entry
		EP-10 Kdr, Vladimir Dzhanibekov
		EP-10 KI Jugderdemidiyn Gurragcha
1981 Mar 29			334 x 348 x 51.6
		Orbit trim	342 x 355 x 51.6
1981 Mar 30		EP-10 crew to Soyuz-39
	0822	Soyuz-39 undocked from +X	342 x 354
1981 Apr 1			341 x 353 x 51.6
		Orbit trim, T4	350 x 361 x 51.6
1981 Apr 9		97CP-CV cataloged
1981 Apr 23		Splav removed from airlock for Vaporiser expt
1981 Apr 28		Splav reinstalled
1981 Apr 30		97CW-DB catlaoged
1981 May 7			330 x 336 x 51.66
		Orbit trim	334 x 353 x 51.6
		97DC cataloged
1981 May 10		T-4 docking probe dismantled (May 10-12)
1981 May 15	1850	Soyuz-40 docked at +X	331 x 346 x 51.6
		EP-11 crew entry
		EP-11 Kdr Leonid Popov
		EP-11 BI Dumitru Prunariu
1981 Nay 20			330 x 343 x 51.6
		Orbit raise, S40	339 x 374 x 51.6
1981 May 22		EP-11 crew to Soyuz-40
	1037	Soyuz-40 undocked from +X
1981 May 23		97DD-DG cataloged
1981 May 25			338 x 370 x 51.6
		Orbit trim, T4	338 x 372 x 51.6
1981 May 26		EO crew to Soyuz T-4
	1208?	Soyuz T-4 undocked from -X	339 x 372 x 51.6
		97DJ, DK cataloged
1981 Jun 19	0652	Kosmos-1267 docked at -X	333 x 363 x 51.6
1981 Jun 29			332 x 359 x 51.6
		Orbit trim	336 x 368 x 51.6
1981 Jun 30		Orbit raise	388 x 388 x 51.6
1981 Jul 29			334 x 380 x 51.6
		Orbit trim	346 x 381 x 51.6
1981 Jul 30		Orbit raise	376 x 404 x 51.6
1981 Oct 21			356 x 376 x 51.6
		Orbit raise	355 x 398 x 51.6
1981 Oct 22		Orbit raise	396 x 411 x 51.6
1982 Jul 28			318 x 324 x 51.6
		Orbit lower	233 x 321 x 51.6
1982 Jul 29		Deorbit by K1267 engine	222 x 321 x 51.6
		Reentered over Pacific