Kvant 1

 1987-030A

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The 37KE ( 37KE) module, named Kvant after launch, was originally intended for Salyut-7. It is also called TsM-E (Special Module E). It was launched attached to a TKS class transport ferry on 1987 Mar 31. The combined vehicle is 377KE (TKM-E). The approach of the TKS to Mir on Apr 5 was aborted when the braking rockets failed, and the spacecraft flew past at a distance of 30m. A second rendezvous on Apr 9 was successful, but the docking failed to achieve a good seal because part of a Mylar trash bag that was intended for the previous Progress had been trapped in the docking cone. A spacewalk was carried out to clear the obstruction and then on Apr 11 the hard dock was complete. The TKS service module (Sluzhebniy Blok) separated from Kvant on Apr 12.

Kvant (37KE)
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1987 Mar 31	0006:16	Launch by Proton-K	KB
	0015	Stage 3 MECO
	0016:00?	Stage 3 sep
			171 x 301 x 51.6
1987 Apr 1	0500		172 x 314 x 51.6
1987 Apr 2	0530		90.94 297 x 345 x 51.6
1987 Apr 4			296 x 339 x 51.6
1987 Apr 4	2100		91.35 309 x 374 x 51.6
1987 Apr 5		Rendezvous with Mir
		Braking rockets fail, 30m flyby
	2000		91.63 345 x 364 x 51.6
1987 Apr 8			91.63 345 x 364 x 51.6
1987 Apr 9	0036	Soft dock with Mir +X
1987 Apr 11		Hard dock
1987 Apr 12	2018	Sluzhebniy Blok separated

Payload:

• Laboratory section

  • Optical sight (camera?)

  • Svetlana electrophoretic unit

• Lab section transfer tunnel

• Scientific equipment section

• Rontgen Observatory:

• Pulsar X-1 X-ray spectrometer <800 keV

• TTM Birmingham/Utrecht imaging X-ray telescope

• Sirene 2 ESA GSPC, 2-100 keV

• HEXE 4 phoswich detectors (MPE/Tubingen) scintillator 20-200keV, 750 cm2, FOV 1.6 deg

• Spektr-3 X-ray transient and pulsar studies

• Lilac 2 spectrometer

• Glazar telescope 40cm UV imaging telescope

1987-030C

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Developed from the TKS spaceship, 77KE No. 166-01 was a Functional Service Module (F Sluzehbniy Blok) used as a cargo tug to deliver the Kvant module to Mir. After undocking from the Mir/Kvant complex on 1987 Apr 12, it carried out a series of orbit raising maneuvers and was placed in a storage orbit on 1987 Apr 20. It reentered in Aug 1988.

FSB
Date	Time	Event	Orbit
1987 Mar 31	0006	Launch by Proton-K	KB
			171 x 301 x 51.6
1987 Apr 1	0500		172 x 314 x 51.6
1987 Apr 2	0530		90.94 297 x 345 x 51.6
1987 Apr 4			296 x 339 x 51.6
1987 Apr 4	2100		91.35 309 x 374 x 51.6
1987 Apr 5		Rendezvous with Mir
		Braking rockets fail, 30m flyby
	2000		91.63 345 x 364 x 51.6
1987 Apr 8			91.63 345 x 364 x 51.6
1987 Apr 9	0036	Soft dock with Mir +X
1987 Apr 11		Hard dock
1987 Apr 12	2018	Sluzhebniy Blok separated
1987 Apr 13	0500		91.57 341 x 362 x 51.6
1987 Apr 14	0500		91.56 340 x 363 x 51.6 from 91.58 341 x 362
1987 Apr 19	2130		92.45 362 x 427 x 51.6 from 91.55 340 x 361
1987 Apr 20	0230		92.44 383 x 406 x 51.6
1988 Apr 15			91.39 338 x 364 x 51.6
1988 Jul 20			90.25 290 x 305 x 51.6
1988 Aug 24	0230		88.11 175 x 190 x 51.6
1988 Aug 25	0000		87.37 140 x 150 x 51.6
	1035?	Reentered